S0E2Y4 · GA1_GIBF5
- ProteinGibberellin cluster GA4 desaturase
- GeneDES
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids342 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score3/5
Function
function
GA4 desaturase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gibberellins (GAs), diterpenoids that may provide a selective advantage during infection of the preferred host plant, rice (PubMed:10347043, PubMed:12750377, PubMed:15925394, PubMed:23825955, PubMed:9917370).
Gibberellins (GAs) are diterpenoids and are synthesized via the mevalonate pathway (PubMed:12750377).
Biosynthesis of the major metabolite GA3 (gibberellic acid) from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) requires 13 steps (PubMed:12750377).
The GGPP produced by the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase GGS2 is converted to ent-kaurene via ent-copalyldiphosphate in a two-step cyclization reaction performed by the bifunctional ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase/ent-kaurene synthase enzyme (CPS/KS) (PubMed:10803977, PubMed:12750377, PubMed:9745028).
Ent-Kaurene is metabolized to GAs by a series of oxidation reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (PubMed:12750377, PubMed:9917370).
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-4 is an ent-kaurene oxidase that catalyzes the three oxidation steps between ent-kaurene and ent-kaurenoic acid (PubMed:11472927).
The highly multifunctional cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-1 then catalyzes four steps involving oxidation at two carbon atoms, in the main pathway from ent-kaurenoic acid to GA14 via GA12-aldehyde as well as producing kaurenolides and fujenoic acids as by-products (PubMed:11320210).
The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-2 then converts GA14 to GA4 by removal of C-20 (PubMed:11943776).
GA4 is further converted to GA7 by the GA4 desaturase DES via 1,2-desaturation before cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-3, a 13-hydroxylase, hydroxylates GA7 to GA3, the final product of the GA-biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:12750377).
Gibberellins (GAs) are diterpenoids and are synthesized via the mevalonate pathway (PubMed:12750377).
Biosynthesis of the major metabolite GA3 (gibberellic acid) from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) requires 13 steps (PubMed:12750377).
The GGPP produced by the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase GGS2 is converted to ent-kaurene via ent-copalyldiphosphate in a two-step cyclization reaction performed by the bifunctional ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase/ent-kaurene synthase enzyme (CPS/KS) (PubMed:10803977, PubMed:12750377, PubMed:9745028).
Ent-Kaurene is metabolized to GAs by a series of oxidation reactions catalyzed by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (PubMed:12750377, PubMed:9917370).
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-4 is an ent-kaurene oxidase that catalyzes the three oxidation steps between ent-kaurene and ent-kaurenoic acid (PubMed:11472927).
The highly multifunctional cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-1 then catalyzes four steps involving oxidation at two carbon atoms, in the main pathway from ent-kaurenoic acid to GA14 via GA12-aldehyde as well as producing kaurenolides and fujenoic acids as by-products (PubMed:11320210).
The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-2 then converts GA14 to GA4 by removal of C-20 (PubMed:11943776).
GA4 is further converted to GA7 by the GA4 desaturase DES via 1,2-desaturation before cytochrome P450 monooxygenase P450-3, a 13-hydroxylase, hydroxylates GA7 to GA3, the final product of the GA-biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:12750377).
Pathway
Plant hormone biosynthesis; gibberellin biosynthesis.
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Molecular Function | oxidoreductase activity | |
Biological Process | gibberellin biosynthetic process |
Keywords
- Molecular function
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameGibberellin cluster GA4 desaturase
- EC number
- Short namesDES
Gene names
Organism names
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Fungi > Dikarya > Ascomycota > Pezizomycotina > Sordariomycetes > Hypocreomycetidae > Hypocreales > Nectriaceae > Fusarium > Fusarium fujikuroi species complex
Accessions
- Primary accessionS0E2Y4
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Impairs the production of GA3 and of its immediate precursor GA7, but accumulates GA4 and GA1 (PubMed:12750377).
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000442040 | 1-342 | Gibberellin cluster GA4 desaturase | ||
Interaction
Protein-protein interaction databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region, compositional bias.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 127-183 | Disordered | |||
Compositional bias | 160-175 | Basic and acidic residues | |||
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the asaB hydroxylase/desaturase family.
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length342
- Mass (Da)37,863
- Last updated2013-09-18 v1
- MD5 ChecksumF729C2B5D052F381E89FE876AE53020A
Features
Showing features for compositional bias.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional bias | 160-175 | Basic and acidic residues | |||
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
HF679027 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CCT69176.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA |