Q9VV43 · TPPP_DROME

Function

function

Regulator of microtubules required for axonal extension during embryonic development and axon regeneration following injury (PubMed:27422099, PubMed:31919191).
Promotes microtubule bundling and polymerization (PubMed:27422099).
Together with futsch, required for neuromuscular junction (NMJ) bouton growth by regulating synaptic microtubules (PubMed:31156389).
Function with futsch in maintaining microtubule stability and dynamics, is essential for promoting axon regeneration in response to peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) injury (PubMed:31919191).
In response to axotomy, acts downstream of a stress response cascade involving Xbp1 splicing, to control axon regeneration (PubMed:31919191).

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentaxon
Cellular Componentcytoplasm
Cellular Componentcytoskeleton
Cellular Componentneuromuscular junction
Cellular Componentneuronal cell body
Cellular Componentpresynapse
Molecular Functiontubulin binding
Biological Processmicrotubule bundle formation
Biological Processmicrotubule cytoskeleton organization
Biological Processmicrotubule polymerization
Biological Processpositive regulation of axon regeneration
Biological Processpositive regulation of protein polymerization
Biological Processregulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog
  • Short names
    TPPP
  • Alternative names
    • Protein ringmaker

Gene names

    • Name
      ringer
    • ORF names
      CG45057

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strain
    • Berkeley
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Ecdysozoa > Arthropoda > Hexapoda > Insecta > Pterygota > Neoptera > Endopterygota > Diptera > Brachycera > Muscomorpha > Ephydroidea > Drosophilidae > Drosophila > Sophophora

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    Q9VV43

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Cell projection, axon
Presynapse
Note: Localizes at the presynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ).

Keywords

Phenotypes & Variants

Disruption phenotype

Embryonic nervous system defects characterized by cell misplacement and errors in axonal extension and targeting (PubMed:27422099).
Neurons display defective axonal extension (PubMed:27422099).
Defects are probably caused by impaired microtubule organization and integrity (PubMed:27422099).
During larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synaptic development, larvae show reduced synaptic growth and transmission (PubMed:31156389).
Severed axons of class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons display decreased axon regeneration, due at least in part, to impaired axon microtubule integrity (PubMed:31919191).
Futsch expression in adult heads is reduced (PubMed:31919191).
Flies lacking both ringer and futsch display a significant reduction in microtubule loops at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) and reduced acetylated-tubulin levels (PubMed:31156389).

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00002211411-192Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog

Proteomic databases

Expression

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in adult head (at protein level).

Developmental stage

Mainly expressed in neurons and later in midline glia during ventral nerve cord (VNC) development (at protein level) (PubMed:27422099, PubMed:31919191).
In third instar larvae, expressed in multiple cell types, including the cell body, proximal dendrites and axons of class III and class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:31919191).

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Subunit

Found in a complex with tubulin and Futsch.

Protein-protein interaction databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region1-20Disordered
Region151-192Disordered

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the TPPP family.

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    192
  • Mass (Da)
    20,596
  • Last updated
    2000-05-01 v1
  • Checksum
    95654DBB481A3E50
MSEVAAANGSPSPAPTPEVPATELAQLALEDEPKVSFSDQFKAFSKFGDSKSDGKLITLSQSDKWMKQAKVIDKKITTTDTGIHFKKFKAMKISLSDYNKFLDDLAKTKKVELSEIKQKLASCGAPGVVSVSAGKAAAAVDRLTDTSKYTGSHKERFDASGKGKGIAGRRNVVDGSGYVSGYQHKDTYDNAH

Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences

There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry

View all
EntryEntry nameGene nameLength
M9NFZ9M9NFZ9_DROMEringer192

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AE014296
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAF49479.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AY071493
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAL49115.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AY071358
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAL48980.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
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