Q9VV43 · TPPP_DROME
- ProteinTubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog
- Generinger
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids192 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Regulator of microtubules required for axonal extension during embryonic development and axon regeneration following injury (PubMed:27422099, PubMed:31919191).
Promotes microtubule bundling and polymerization (PubMed:27422099).
Together with futsch, required for neuromuscular junction (NMJ) bouton growth by regulating synaptic microtubules (PubMed:31156389).
Function with futsch in maintaining microtubule stability and dynamics, is essential for promoting axon regeneration in response to peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) injury (PubMed:31919191).
In response to axotomy, acts downstream of a stress response cascade involving Xbp1 splicing, to control axon regeneration (PubMed:31919191).
Promotes microtubule bundling and polymerization (PubMed:27422099).
Together with futsch, required for neuromuscular junction (NMJ) bouton growth by regulating synaptic microtubules (PubMed:31156389).
Function with futsch in maintaining microtubule stability and dynamics, is essential for promoting axon regeneration in response to peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) injury (PubMed:31919191).
In response to axotomy, acts downstream of a stress response cascade involving Xbp1 splicing, to control axon regeneration (PubMed:31919191).
GO annotations
all annotations | all molecular function | virus receptor activity | dna binding | rna binding | cytoskeletal motor activity | catalytic activity | gtpase activity | structural molecule activity | transporter activity | cytoskeletal protein binding | lipid binding | cyclase activity | antioxidant activity | oxidoreductase activity | transferase activity | hydrolase activity | lyase activity | isomerase activity | ligase activity | protein tag activity | cargo receptor activity | histone binding | protein folding chaperone | translation regulator activity | nutrient reservoir activity | receptor ligand activity | molecular transducer activity | molecular adaptor activity | toxin activity | cell adhesion mediator activity | molecular function regulator activity | virus coreceptor activity | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | catalytic activity, acting on dna | catalytic activity, acting on rna | molecular carrier activity | transcription regulator activity | general transcription initiation factor activity | molecular sensor activity | molecular sequestering activity | atp-dependent activity | other molecular function | all biological process | mitotic cell cycle | cytokinesis | cytoplasmic translation | immune system process | muscle system process | circulatory system process | renal system process | respiratory system process | carbohydrate metabolic process | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | dna replication | dna repair | dna recombination | chromatin organization | dna-templated transcription | regulation of dna-templated transcription | trna metabolic process | protein folding | protein glycosylation | amino acid metabolic process | modified amino acid metabolic process | lipid metabolic process | vitamin metabolic process | sulfur compound metabolic process | intracellular protein transport | nucleocytoplasmic transport | autophagy | inflammatory response | mitochondrion organization | cytoskeleton organization | microtubule-based movement | peroxisome organization | lysosome organization | chromosome segregation | cell adhesion | establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | programmed cell death | photosynthesis | mrna metabolic process | snrna metabolic process | vesicle-mediated transport | reproductive process | digestive system process | signaling | cell differentiation | protein catabolic process | extracellular matrix organization | regulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencing | telomere organization | cell junction organization | wound healing | ribosome biogenesis | cilium organization | anatomical structure development | cell motility | nervous system process | endocrine process | protein maturation | transmembrane transport | nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process | hepaticobiliary system process | membrane organization | protein-containing complex assembly | cell wall organization or biogenesis | nitrogen cycle metabolic process | protein localization to plasma membrane | defense response to other organism | detoxification | meiotic nuclear division | mitotic nuclear division | mitochondrial gene expression | carbohydrate derivative metabolic process | other biological process | all cellular component | nuclear chromosome | extracellular region | extracellular space | cell wall | nucleus | nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm | chromosome | nucleolus | mitochondrion | lysosome | endosome | vacuole | peroxisome | endoplasmic reticulum | golgi apparatus | lipid droplet | microtubule organizing center | cytosol | ribosome | cytoskeleton | plasma membrane | cilium | plastid | thylakoid | external encapsulating structure | extracellular matrix | cytoplasmic vesicle | organelle | other cellular component | |||
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Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | axon | |
Cellular Component | cytoplasm | |
Cellular Component | cytoskeleton | |
Cellular Component | neuromuscular junction | |
Cellular Component | neuronal cell body | |
Cellular Component | presynapse | |
Molecular Function | tubulin binding | |
Biological Process | microtubule bundle formation | |
Biological Process | microtubule cytoskeleton organization | |
Biological Process | microtubule polymerization | |
Biological Process | positive regulation of axon regeneration | |
Biological Process | positive regulation of protein polymerization | |
Biological Process | regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction |
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameTubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog
- Short namesTPPP
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Ecdysozoa > Arthropoda > Hexapoda > Insecta > Pterygota > Neoptera > Endopterygota > Diptera > Brachycera > Muscomorpha > Ephydroidea > Drosophilidae > Drosophila > Sophophora
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ9VV43
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Note: Localizes at the presynaptic neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
Keywords
- Cellular component
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Embryonic nervous system defects characterized by cell misplacement and errors in axonal extension and targeting (PubMed:27422099).
Neurons display defective axonal extension (PubMed:27422099).
Defects are probably caused by impaired microtubule organization and integrity (PubMed:27422099).
During larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synaptic development, larvae show reduced synaptic growth and transmission (PubMed:31156389).
Severed axons of class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons display decreased axon regeneration, due at least in part, to impaired axon microtubule integrity (PubMed:31919191).
Futsch expression in adult heads is reduced (PubMed:31919191).
Flies lacking both ringer and futsch display a significant reduction in microtubule loops at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) and reduced acetylated-tubulin levels (PubMed:31156389).
Neurons display defective axonal extension (PubMed:27422099).
Defects are probably caused by impaired microtubule organization and integrity (PubMed:27422099).
During larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synaptic development, larvae show reduced synaptic growth and transmission (PubMed:31156389).
Severed axons of class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons display decreased axon regeneration, due at least in part, to impaired axon microtubule integrity (PubMed:31919191).
Futsch expression in adult heads is reduced (PubMed:31919191).
Flies lacking both ringer and futsch display a significant reduction in microtubule loops at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) and reduced acetylated-tubulin levels (PubMed:31156389).
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000221141 | 1-192 | Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein homolog | ||
Proteomic databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Highly expressed in adult head (at protein level).
Developmental stage
Mainly expressed in neurons and later in midline glia during ventral nerve cord (VNC) development (at protein level) (PubMed:27422099, PubMed:31919191).
In third instar larvae, expressed in multiple cell types, including the cell body, proximal dendrites and axons of class III and class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:31919191).
In third instar larvae, expressed in multiple cell types, including the cell body, proximal dendrites and axons of class III and class IV dendritic arborization (da) neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:31919191).
Gene expression databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length192
- Mass (Da)20,596
- Last updated2000-05-01 v1
- Checksum95654DBB481A3E50
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry
Entry | Entry name | Gene name | Length | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M9NFZ9 | M9NFZ9_DROME | ringer | 192 |
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AE014296 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAF49479.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AY071493 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAL49115.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY071358 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAL48980.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |