Q9UL54 · TAOK2_HUMAN

  • Protein
    Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO2
  • Gene
    TAOK2
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at protein level
  • Annotation score
    5/5

Function

function

Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in different processes such as membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies formation DNA damage response and MAPK14/p38 MAPK stress-activated MAPK cascade. Phosphorylates itself, MBP, activated MAPK8, MAP2K3, MAP2K6 and tubulins. Activates the MAPK14/p38 MAPK signaling pathway through the specific activation and phosphorylation of the upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. In response to DNA damage, involved in the G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint by activating the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade, probably by mediating phosphorylation of upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. Isoform 1, but not isoform 2, plays a role in apoptotic morphological changes, including cell contraction, membrane blebbing and apoptotic bodies formation. This function, which requires the activation of MAPK8/JNK and nuclear localization of C-terminally truncated isoform 1, may be linked to the mitochondrial CASP9-associated death pathway. Isoform 1 binds to microtubules and affects their organization and stability independently of its kinase activity. Prevents MAP3K7-mediated activation of CHUK, and thus NF-kappa-B activation, but not that of MAPK8/JNK. May play a role in the osmotic stress-MAPK8 pathway. Isoform 2, but not isoform 1, is required for PCDH8 endocytosis. Following homophilic interactions between PCDH8 extracellular domains, isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates MAPK14/p38 MAPK which in turn phosphorylates isoform 2. This process leads to PCDH8 endocytosis and CDH2 cointernalization. Both isoforms are involved in MAPK14 phosphorylation.

Catalytic activity

Cofactor

Mg2+ (UniProtKB | Rhea| CHEBI:18420 )

Activity regulation

Selectively inhibited by the enantiopure organoruthenium inhibitor 9E1. Activated following arsenic trioxide (As2O3) treatment.

Features

Showing features for binding site, active site.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Binding site34-42ATP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site57ATP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Active site151Proton acceptor

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componentactin cytoskeleton
Cellular Componentaxon
Cellular Componentaxonal growth cone
Cellular Componentcytoplasm
Cellular Componentcytoplasmic vesicle
Cellular Componentcytoplasmic vesicle membrane
Cellular Componentcytosol
Cellular Componentdendritic growth cone
Cellular Componentneuron projection
Cellular Componentnucleolus
Cellular Componentnucleoplasm
Cellular Componentreceptor complex
Molecular FunctionATP binding
Molecular FunctionMAP kinase kinase kinase activity
Molecular Functionmitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding
Molecular Functionneuropilin binding
Molecular Functionprotein serine kinase activity
Molecular Functionprotein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
Molecular Functionprotein serine/threonine kinase activity
Molecular Functiontau protein binding
Molecular Functiontau-protein kinase activity
Biological Processactin cytoskeleton organization
Biological Processactivation of protein kinase activity
Biological Processapoptotic process
Biological Processaxonogenesis
Biological Processbasal dendrite arborization
Biological Processbasal dendrite morphogenesis
Biological Processcell migration
Biological ProcessDNA damage response
Biological Processfocal adhesion assembly
Biological Processmitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling
Biological Processpositive regulation of JNK cascade
Biological Processpositive regulation of MAPK cascade
Biological Processpositive regulation of protein autophosphorylation
Biological Processpositive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade
Biological Processprotein autophosphorylation
Biological Processprotein targeting to membrane
Biological Processregulation of actin cytoskeleton organization
Biological Processregulation of cell growth
Biological Processregulation of cell shape
Biological Processstress-activated MAPK cascade

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO2
  • EC number
  • Alternative names
    • Kinase from chicken homolog C (hKFC-C)
    • Prostate-derived sterile 20-like kinase 1 (PSK-1; PSK1; Prostate-derived STE20-like kinase 1)
    • Thousand and one amino acid protein kinase 2

Gene names

    • Name
      TAOK2
    • Synonyms
      KIAA0881, MAP3K17, PSK, PSK1
    • ORF names
      UNQ2971/PRO7431

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    Q9UL54
  • Secondary accessions
    • A5PKY1
    • A7MCZ2
    • B2RN35
    • B7ZM88
    • O94957

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
; Multi-pass membrane protein
Note: Catalytically active full-length phosphorylated isoform 1 localizes to microtubules in the cytoplasm predominantly on microtubule cables positioned around the nucleus. A C-terminally truncated form of isoform 1 is present in the nucleus; isoform 2 and kinase-defective, as well as full-length isoform 1 are excluded from the nucleus.

Isoform 2

Note: In dendrites, colocalizes with PCDH8.

Features

Showing features for transmembrane.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Transmembrane965-985Helical
Transmembrane987-1007Helical
Transmembrane1012-1032Helical
Transmembrane1043-1063Helical
Transmembrane1166-1186Helical

Keywords

Disease & Variants

Features

Showing features for mutagenesis.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Mutagenesis57Loss of kinase activity. In isoform 1, excluded from the nucleus. No effect on microtubule-binding.
Mutagenesis169Loss of kinase activity; No effect on MAP3K7-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B.
Mutagenesis919No effect on kinase activity, nor on JNK activation, but severe reduction in nuclear localization and apoptotic membrane blebbing.

Variants

We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.

The viewer provides 1,189 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.

Go to variant viewer

Organism-specific databases

Miscellaneous

Chemistry

Genetic variation databases

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, modified residue, modified residue (large scale data).

TypeIDPosition(s)SourceDescription
ChainPRO_00000867331-1235UniProtSerine/threonine-protein kinase TAO2
Modified residue9UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)9PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)43PRIDEPhosphotyrosine
Modified residue181UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)181PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)309PRIDEPhosphotyrosine
Modified residue414UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)473PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)486PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)493PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)604PRIDEPhosphothreonine
Modified residue656UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)656PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue777UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)777PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue825UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)825PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue827UniProtPhosphoserine
Modified residue (large scale data)827PRIDEPhosphoserine
Modified residue1011UniProtIn isoform Q9UL54-2; Phosphoserine
Modified residue1031UniProtIn isoform Q9UL54-2; Phosphoserine

Post-translational modification

Isoforms 1 and 2 are autophosphorylated.
C-terminal cleavage of isoform 1 and subsequent nuclear localization requires CASP9 activity.
Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated by ATM.

Isoform 2

Phosphorylated on Ser-1031 by MAPK14. This phosphorylation is required PCDH8 for endocytosis (By similarity).

Keywords

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

Expression

Tissue specificity

Ubiquitously expressed, with a higher level of expression in testis and brain.

Gene expression databases

    • ENSG00000149930Expressed in right hemisphere of cerebellum and 137 other cell types or tissues

Organism-specific databases

Interaction

Subunit

Interacts with MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 (By similarity).
Self-associates. Interacts with tubulins through the C-terminal domain. Interacts with MAP3K7 and interferes with MAP3K7-binding to CHUK and thus prevents NF-kappa-B activation. Isoform 2 interacts with PCDH8; this complex may also include CDH2 (By similarity).

Binary interactions

TypeEntry 1Entry 2Number of experimentsIntact
BINARY Q9UL54CIDEB Q9UHD43EBI-352832, EBI-7062247
BINARY Q9UL54KRTAP6-3 Q3LI673EBI-352832, EBI-22311199
BINARY Q9UL54MAPRE3 Q9UPY83EBI-352832, EBI-726739

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry

Miscellaneous

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for domain, region, compositional bias, coiled coil.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Domain28-281Protein kinase
Region318-457Disordered
Compositional bias344-373Polar residues
Compositional bias374-395Acidic residues
Coiled coil486-547
Coiled coil574-601
Coiled coil681-713
Region732-777Disordered
Region804-835Disordered
Region891-939Disordered
Compositional bias920-938Pro residues
Region1198-1235Disordered

Sequence similarities

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence & Isoforms

Align isoforms (4)
  • Sequence status
    Complete

This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.

Q9UL54-1

This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

  • Name
    1
  • Synonyms
    PSK1-alpha, TAO2
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Length
    1,235
  • Mass (Da)
    138,251
  • Last updated
    2006-10-17 v2
  • Checksum
    211852E690934307
MPAGGRAGSLKDPDVAELFFKDDPEKLFSDLREIGHGSFGAVYFARDVRNSEVVAIKKMSYSGKQSNEKWQDIIKEVRFLQKLRHPNTIQYRGCYLREHTAWLVMEYCLGSASDLLEVHKKPLQEVEIAAVTHGALQGLAYLHSHNMIHRDVKAGNILLSEPGLVKLGDFGSASIMAPANSFVGTPYWMAPEVILAMDEGQYDGKVDVWSLGITCIELAERKPPLFNMNAMSALYHIAQNESPVLQSGHWSEYFRNFVDSCLQKIPQDRPTSEVLLKHRFVLRERPPTVIMDLIQRTKDAVRELDNLQYRKMKKILFQEAPNGPGAEAPEEEEEAEPYMHRAGTLTSLESSHSVPSMSISASSQSSSVNSLADASDNEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEGPEAREMAMMQEGEHTVTSHSSIIHRLPGSDNLYDDPYQPEITPSPLQPPAAPAPTSTTSSARRRAYCRNRDHFATIRTASLVSRQIQEHEQDSALREQLSGYKRMRRQHQKQLLALESRLRGEREEHSARLQRELEAQRAGFGAEAEKLARRHQAIGEKEARAAQAEERKFQQHILGQQKKELAALLEAQKRTYKLRKEQLKEELQENPSTPKREKAEWLLRQKEQLQQCQAEEEAGLLRRQRQYFELQCRQYKRKMLLARHSLDQDLLREDLNKKQTQKDLECALLLRQHEATRELELRQLQAVQRTRAELTRLQHQTELGNQLEYNKRREQELRQKHAAQVRQQPKSLKVRAGQRPPGLPLPIPGALGPPNTGTPIEQQPCSPGQEAVLDQRMLGEEEEAVGERRILGKEGATLEPKQQRILGEESGAPSPSPQKHGSLVDEEVWGLPEEIEELRVPSLVPQERSIVGQEEAGTWSLWGKEDESLLDEEFELGWVQGPALTPVPEEEEEEEEGAPIGTPRDPGDGCPSPDIPPEPPPTHLRPCPASQLPGLLSHGLLAGLSFAVGSSSGLLPLLLLLLLPLLAAQGGGGLQAALLALEVGLVGLGASYLLLCTALHLPSSLFLLLAQGTALGAVLGLSWRRGLMGVPLGLGAAWLLAWPGLALPLVAMAAGGRWVRQQGPRVRRGISRLWLRVLLRLSPMAFRALQGCGAVGDRGLFALYPKTNKDGFRSRLPVPGPRRRNPRTTQHPLALLARVWVLCKGWNWRLARASQGLASHLPPWAIHTLASWGLLRGERPTRIPRLLPRSQRQLGPPASRQPLPGTLAGRRSRTRQSRALPPWR

Q9UL54-2

  • Name
    2
  • Synonyms
    PSK1-beta
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical
    • 745-1049: VRAGQRPPGLPLPIPGALGPPNTGTPIEQQPCSPGQEAVLDQRMLGEEEEAVGERRILGKEGATLEPKQQRILGEESGAPSPSPQKHGSLVDEEVWGLPEEIEELRVPSLVPQERSIVGQEEAGTWSLWGKEDESLLDEEFELGWVQGPALTPVPEEEEEEEEGAPIGTPRDPGDGCPSPDIPPEPPPTHLRPCPASQLPGLLSHGLLAGLSFAVGSSSGLLPLLLLLLLPLLAAQGGGGLQAALLALEVGLVGLGASYLLLCTALHLPSSLFLLLAQGTALGAVLGLSWRRGLMGVPLGLGAAW → SKELQIKKQFQETCKIQTRQYKALRAHLLETTPKAQHKSLLKRLKEEQTRKLAILAEQYDQSISEMLSSQALRLDETQEAEFQALRQQLQQELELLNAYQSKIKIRTESQHERELRELEQRVALRRALLEQRVEEELLALQTGRSERIRSLLERQAREIEAFDAESMRLGFSSMALGGIPAEAAAQGYPAPPPAPAWPSRPVPRSGAHWSHGPPPPGMPPPAWRQPSLLAPPGPPNWLGPPTQSGTPRGGALLLLRNSPQPLRRAASGGSGSENVGPPAAAVPGPLSRSTSVASHILNGSSHFYS
    • 1050-1235: Missing

Q9UL54-3

  • Name
    3
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical
    • 1-173: Missing
    • 174-218: SIMAPANSFVGTPYWMAPEVILAMDEGQYDGKVDVWSLGITCIEL → MMGTSQGHVARKSRNWGLNPSRLSSIPLSSTPCHLSPSSLSPFSV

Q9UL54-4

  • Name
    4
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical

Sequence caution

The sequence AAQ89301.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation Truncated N-terminus.
The sequence BAA74904.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation Extended N-terminus.

Features

Showing features for alternative sequence, sequence conflict, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Alternative sequenceVSP_0159671-173in isoform 3
Alternative sequenceVSP_015968174-218in isoform 3
Sequence conflict189in Ref. 7; AAI51222/AAI42664
Compositional bias344-373Polar residues
Compositional bias374-395Acidic residues
Alternative sequenceVSP_044894745-857in isoform 4
Alternative sequenceVSP_015969745-1049in isoform 2
Compositional bias920-938Pro residues
Alternative sequenceVSP_0159701050-1235in isoform 2
Sequence conflict1211in Ref. 1; AAD45616

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AF061943
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAD45616.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AF263313
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAG38503.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AB020688
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAA74904.2
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA Different initiation
AK291473
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAF84162.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AL137701
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
CAB70882.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AC093512
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH471238
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
EAW79963.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
CH471238
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
EAW79964.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
BC136653
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI36654.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC136655
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI36656.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC142663
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI42664.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC144344
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI44345.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC151221
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI51222.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC152413
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI52414.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AY358942
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAQ89301.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA Different initiation

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018.
FeedbackHelp