Q9HEU0 · TRI14_FUSSP
- ProteinCore trichothecene cluster (CTC) protein 14
- GeneTRI14
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids373 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at transcript level
- Annotation score2/5
Function
function
Part of the core gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of trichothecenes, a very large family of chemically related bicyclic sesquiterpene compounds acting as mycotoxins, including T2-toxin (PubMed:11352533).
The biosynthesis of trichothecenes begins with the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene and is catalyzed by the trichodiene synthase TRI5 (PubMed:3800398).
Trichodiene undergoes a series of oxygenations catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4 (PubMed:7651333).
TRI4 controls the addition of four oxygens at C-2, C-3, C-11, and the C-12, C-13-epoxide to form the intermediate isotrichotriol (PubMed:16917519).
Isotrichotriol then undergoes a non-enzymatic isomerization and cyclization to form isotrichodermol (PubMed:2317042).
During this process, the oxygen at the C-2 position becomes the pyran ring oxygen and the hydroxyl group at C-11 is lost (PubMed:2317042).
More complex type A trichothecenes are built by modifying isotrichodermol through a series of paired hydroxylation and acetylation or acylation steps (PubMed:11352533).
Isotrichodermol is converted to isotrichodermin by the acetyltransferase TRI101 (PubMed:10583973).
TRI101 encodes a C-3 transacetylase that acts as a self-protection or resistance factor during biosynthesis and that the presence of a free C-3 hydroxyl group is a key component of Fusarium trichothecene phytotoxicity (PubMed:10583973).
A second hydroxyl group is added to C-15 by the trichothecene C-15 hydroxylase TRI11, producing 15-decalonectrin, which is then acetylated by TRI3, producing calonectrin (PubMed:8593041, PubMed:9435078).
A third hydroxyl group is added at C-4 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI13, converting calonectrin to 3,15-diacetoxyspirpenol, which is subsequently acetylated bythe acetyltransferase TRI7 (PubMed:11352533, PubMed:12135578).
A fourth hydroxyl group is added to C-8 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI1, followed by the addition of an isovaleryl moiety by TRI16 (PubMed:12620849, PubMed:14532047).
Finally, the acetyl group is removed from the C-3 position by the trichothecene C-3 esterase TRI8 to produce T-2 toxin (PubMed:12039755).
The biosynthesis of trichothecenes begins with the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene and is catalyzed by the trichodiene synthase TRI5 (PubMed:3800398).
Trichodiene undergoes a series of oxygenations catalyzed by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI4 (PubMed:7651333).
TRI4 controls the addition of four oxygens at C-2, C-3, C-11, and the C-12, C-13-epoxide to form the intermediate isotrichotriol (PubMed:16917519).
Isotrichotriol then undergoes a non-enzymatic isomerization and cyclization to form isotrichodermol (PubMed:2317042).
During this process, the oxygen at the C-2 position becomes the pyran ring oxygen and the hydroxyl group at C-11 is lost (PubMed:2317042).
More complex type A trichothecenes are built by modifying isotrichodermol through a series of paired hydroxylation and acetylation or acylation steps (PubMed:11352533).
Isotrichodermol is converted to isotrichodermin by the acetyltransferase TRI101 (PubMed:10583973).
TRI101 encodes a C-3 transacetylase that acts as a self-protection or resistance factor during biosynthesis and that the presence of a free C-3 hydroxyl group is a key component of Fusarium trichothecene phytotoxicity (PubMed:10583973).
A second hydroxyl group is added to C-15 by the trichothecene C-15 hydroxylase TRI11, producing 15-decalonectrin, which is then acetylated by TRI3, producing calonectrin (PubMed:8593041, PubMed:9435078).
A third hydroxyl group is added at C-4 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI13, converting calonectrin to 3,15-diacetoxyspirpenol, which is subsequently acetylated bythe acetyltransferase TRI7 (PubMed:11352533, PubMed:12135578).
A fourth hydroxyl group is added to C-8 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase TRI1, followed by the addition of an isovaleryl moiety by TRI16 (PubMed:12620849, PubMed:14532047).
Finally, the acetyl group is removed from the C-3 position by the trichothecene C-3 esterase TRI8 to produce T-2 toxin (PubMed:12039755).
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameCore trichothecene cluster (CTC) protein 14
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Fungi > Dikarya > Ascomycota > Pezizomycotina > Sordariomycetes > Hypocreomycetidae > Hypocreales > Nectriaceae > Fusarium
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ9HEU0
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Does not affect the production of trichothecenes (PubMed:12135578).
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000442373 | 1-373 | Core trichothecene cluster (CTC) protein 14 | |||
Sequence: MLPQVILNHLGSIGEAASTWFSENKYFGSVGQCPPLPKGDLNYDIYMGYPEMFAWDKKRCVAYVSNLYNATVSTWDPYKSVVLDTIHFPGLSHAGNSASPNPLHASGIILRPDAYHAETLEVVIDNGDAFYSDGFNVSGPDHLMSIDLKTKEVTSQLRLNNGLYAGYADASLGPDGNTYVLGTYSSNILRVTPDKEISTFYVAEPLGPPRLYGFTGIAHVGDAMIVPDNIIGQLIRFDVRDKVGTPVTIKQTPYHEFKTANVLHFPERYNDTILLVAENMTPDYPYGGVSVYQDKTKQFNEVEFLGFLPSRLTNALTTSARQMADRIYVVALPTDGANITVAGESSRFPFQDITEELDLMILPEIKDEARDEI |
Expression
Induction
Expression is positively regulated by the trichothecene cluster-specific transcription activator TRI10 (PubMed:12732543).
Structure
Family & Domains
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length373
- Mass (Da)41,271
- Last updated2001-03-01 v1
- Checksum9B7F1F0AE8CB5529