Q9HBE4 · IL21_HUMAN
- ProteinInterleukin-21
- GeneIL21
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids162 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Cytokine with immunoregulatory activity. May promote the transition between innate and adaptive immunity. Induces the production of IgG1 and IgG3 in B-cells (By similarity).
Implicated in the generation and maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of germinal-centers. Together with IL6, control the early generation of Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute viral infection (By similarity).
May play a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15. May regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to activating stimuli. In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (PubMed:11081504, PubMed:15178704).
During T-cell mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation and maturation (By similarity).
Implicated in the generation and maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of germinal-centers. Together with IL6, control the early generation of Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute viral infection (By similarity).
May play a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15. May regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to activating stimuli. In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (PubMed:11081504, PubMed:15178704).
During T-cell mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation and maturation (By similarity).
GO annotations
all annotations | all molecular function | virus receptor activity | dna binding | rna binding | cytoskeletal motor activity | catalytic activity | gtpase activity | structural molecule activity | transporter activity | cytoskeletal protein binding | lipid binding | cyclase activity | antioxidant activity | oxidoreductase activity | transferase activity | hydrolase activity | lyase activity | isomerase activity | ligase activity | protein tag activity | cargo receptor activity | histone binding | protein folding chaperone | translation regulator activity | nutrient reservoir activity | receptor ligand activity | molecular transducer activity | molecular adaptor activity | toxin activity | cell adhesion mediator activity | molecular function regulator activity | virus coreceptor activity | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | catalytic activity, acting on dna | catalytic activity, acting on rna | molecular carrier activity | transcription regulator activity | general transcription initiation factor activity | molecular sensor activity | molecular sequestering activity | atp-dependent activity | other molecular function | all biological process | mitotic cell cycle | cytokinesis | cytoplasmic translation | immune system process | muscle system process | circulatory system process | renal system process | respiratory system process | carbohydrate metabolic process | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | dna replication | dna repair | dna recombination | chromatin organization | dna-templated transcription | regulation of dna-templated transcription | trna metabolic process | protein folding | protein glycosylation | amino acid metabolic process | modified amino acid metabolic process | lipid metabolic process | vitamin metabolic process | sulfur compound metabolic process | intracellular protein transport | nucleocytoplasmic transport | autophagy | inflammatory response | mitochondrion organization | cytoskeleton organization | microtubule-based movement | peroxisome organization | lysosome organization | chromosome segregation | cell adhesion | establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | programmed cell death | photosynthesis | mrna metabolic process | snrna metabolic process | vesicle-mediated transport | reproductive process | digestive system process | signaling | cell differentiation | protein catabolic process | extracellular matrix organization | regulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencing | telomere organization | cell junction organization | wound healing | ribosome biogenesis | cilium organization | anatomical structure development | cell motility | nervous system process | endocrine process | protein maturation | transmembrane transport | nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process | hepaticobiliary system process | membrane organization | protein-containing complex assembly | cell wall organization or biogenesis | nitrogen cycle metabolic process | protein localization to plasma membrane | defense response to other organism | detoxification | meiotic nuclear division | mitotic nuclear division | mitochondrial gene expression | carbohydrate derivative metabolic process | other biological process | all cellular component | nuclear chromosome | extracellular region | extracellular space | cell wall | nucleus | nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm | chromosome | nucleolus | mitochondrion | lysosome | endosome | vacuole | peroxisome | endoplasmic reticulum | golgi apparatus | lipid droplet | microtubule organizing center | cytosol | ribosome | cytoskeleton | plasma membrane | cilium | plastid | thylakoid | external encapsulating structure | extracellular matrix | cytoplasmic vesicle | organelle | other cellular component | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Keywords
- Molecular function
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameInterleukin-21
- Short namesIL-21
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ9HBE4
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
Disease & Variants
Involvement in disease
Immunodeficiency, common variable, 11 (CVID11)
- Note
- DescriptionA primary immunodeficiency characterized by antibody deficiency, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent bacterial infections and an inability to mount an antibody response to antigen. The defect results from a failure of B-cell differentiation and impaired secretion of immunoglobulins; the numbers of circulating B-cells is usually in the normal range, but can be low.
- See alsoMIM:615767
Natural variants in CVID11
Variant ID | Position(s) | Change | Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|
VAR_071292 | 56 | L>P | in CVID11; interferes with binding to IL21R |
Features
Showing features for natural variant.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variant | VAR_071292 | 56 | in CVID11; interferes with binding to IL21R | ||
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 152 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
Keywords
- Disease
Organism-specific databases
Miscellaneous
Chemistry
Genetic variation databases
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for signal, chain, disulfide bond, glycosylation.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal | 1-24 | ||||
Chain | PRO_0000015505 | 25-162 | Interleukin-21 | ||
Disulfide bond | 71↔122 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 78↔125 | ||||
Glycosylation | 97 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine | |||
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Expressed in activated CD4-positive T-cells but not in CD8-positive T-cells, B-cells, or monocytes.
Gene expression databases
Organism-specific databases
Interaction
Binary interactions
Type | Entry 1 | Entry 2 | Number of experiments | IntAct | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BINARY | Q9HBE4 | ASPH Q12797-6 | 3 | EBI-6595560, EBI-12092171 |
Complex viewer
Protein-protein interaction databases
Chemistry
Miscellaneous
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 105-126 | Disordered | |||
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family.
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence & Isoform
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.
Q9HBE4-1
This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
- Name1
- Length162
- Mass (Da)18,653
- Last updated2019-04-10 v3
- MD5 ChecksumBFA62B99A19A54E6D7EAA2B50D283CD2
Q9HBE4-2
- Name2
- SynonymsIL-21iso
- Differences from canonical
- 147-162: MIHQHLSSRTHGSEDS → VSTLSFI
Features
Showing features for alternative sequence.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequence | VSP_030129 | 147-162 | in isoform 2 | ||
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF254069 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAG29348.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
DQ645417 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | ABG36529.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY763518 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAU88182.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AC053545 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | Genomic DNA | No translation available. | |
BC066258 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66258.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC066259 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66259.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC066260 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66260.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC066261 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66261.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC066262 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66262.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC069124 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH69124.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |