Q9H2V7 · SPNS1_HUMAN
- ProteinProtein spinster homolog 1
- GeneSPNS1
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids528 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Mediates the rate-limiting, proton-dependent, lysosomal efflux of lysophospholipids, which can then be reacylated by acyltransferases in the endoplasmic reticulum to form phospholipids (PubMed:36161949, PubMed:37075117).
Selective for zwitterionic headgroups such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), can also transport lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), but not other anionic lysophospholipids, sphingosine, nor sphingomyelin (PubMed:36161949).
Transports lysophospholipids with saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, respectively (PubMed:36161949, PubMed:37075117).
Can also transport lysoplasmalogen (LPC with a fatty alcohol) such as 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PubMed:36161949).
Lysosomal LPC could function as intracellular signaling messenger (PubMed:37075117).
Essential player in lysosomal homeostasis (PubMed:36161949).
Crucial for cell survival under conditions of nutrient limitation (PubMed:37075117).
May be involved in necrotic or autophagic cell death (PubMed:12815463).
Catalytic activity
- a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(out) + H+(out) = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(out) + H+(out) = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(out) + H+(out) = 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(out) + H+(out) = 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(in) + H+(in)
- 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(out) + H+(out) = 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(out) + H+(out) = 1-O-(1Z-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(in) + H+(in)
- 1-O-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(out) + H+(out) = 1-O-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(in) + H+(in)
pH Dependence
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | lysosomal membrane | |
Cellular Component | membrane | |
Cellular Component | mitochondrial inner membrane | |
Molecular Function | transmembrane transporter activity | |
Biological Process | lysophospholipid transport | |
Biological Process | phospholipid efflux | |
Biological Process | regulation of lysosomal lumen pH |
Keywords
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Protein family/group databases
Proton-dependent lysosomal transporter for lysophospholipids, in particular lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE). Exports LPC and LPE from the lysosomal lumen to the cytosol. Plays a critical role in recycling choline-containing lipids and becomes essential for cell survival when the availability of free choline in the environment is limited.
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameProtein spinster homolog 1
- Alternative names
Gene names
- Community suggested namesSPNS1
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ9H2V7
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
Features
Showing features for transmembrane.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transmembrane | 50-70 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: ITGLSPGRSALIVAVLCYINL | ||||||
Transmembrane | 98-118 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: GLIQTVFISSYMVLAPVFGYL | ||||||
Transmembrane | 127-147 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: LMCGGIAFWSLVTLGSSFIPG | ||||||
Transmembrane | 160-180 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: VGVGEASYSTIAPTLIADLFV | ||||||
Transmembrane | 187-207 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: MLSIFYFAIPVGSGLGYIAGS | ||||||
Transmembrane | 218-238 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: WALRVTPGLGVVAVLLLFLVV | ||||||
Transmembrane | 278-298 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: LGFTAVAFVTGSLALWAPAFL | ||||||
Transmembrane | 323-343 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: LIFGLITCLTGVLGVGLGVEI | ||||||
Transmembrane | 357-377 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: LVCATGLLGSAPFLFLSLACA | ||||||
Transmembrane | 381-401 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: IVATYIFIFIGETLLSMNWAI | ||||||
Transmembrane | 421-441 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: FQIVLSHLLGDAGSPYLIGLI | ||||||
Transmembrane | 465-485 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: MLCAFVGALGGAAFLGTAIFI |
Keywords
- Cellular component
Disease & Variants
Features
Showing features for natural variant.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variant | VAR_035157 | 230 | in dbSNP:rs17855956 | |||
Sequence: A → P |
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 541 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
Organism-specific databases
Miscellaneous
Genetic variation databases
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for initiator methionine, modified residue, chain, modified residue (large scale data).
Type | ID | Position(s) | Source | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methionine | 1 | UniProt | Removed | ||||
Sequence: M | |||||||
Modified residue | 2 | UniProt | N-acetylalanine | ||||
Sequence: A | |||||||
Chain | PRO_0000305039 | 2-528 | UniProt | Protein spinster homolog 1 | |||
Sequence: AGSDTAPFLSQADDPDDGPVPGTPGLPGSTGNPKSEEPEVPDQEGLQRITGLSPGRSALIVAVLCYINLLNYMDRFTVAGVLPDIEQFFNIGDSSSGLIQTVFISSYMVLAPVFGYLGDRYNRKYLMCGGIAFWSLVTLGSSFIPGEHFWLLLLTRGLVGVGEASYSTIAPTLIADLFVADQRSRMLSIFYFAIPVGSGLGYIAGSKVKDMAGDWHWALRVTPGLGVVAVLLLFLVVREPPRGAVERHSDLPPLNPTSWWADLRALARNPSFVLSSLGFTAVAFVTGSLALWAPAFLLRSRVVLGETPPCLPGDSCSSSDSLIFGLITCLTGVLGVGLGVEISRRLRHSNPRADPLVCATGLLGSAPFLFLSLACARGSIVATYIFIFIGETLLSMNWAIVADILLYVVIPTRRSTAEAFQIVLSHLLGDAGSPYLIGLISDRLRRNWPPSFLSEFRALQFSLMLCAFVGALGGAAFLGTAIFIEADRRRAQLHVQGLLHEAGSTDDRIVVPQRGRSTRVPVASVLI | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 24 | PRIDE | Phosphothreonine | ||||
Sequence: T | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 505 | PRIDE | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 506 | PRIDE | Phosphothreonine | ||||
Sequence: T | |||||||
Modified residue | 518 | UniProt | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 518 | PRIDE | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S |
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Interaction
Subunit
Binary interactions
Type | Entry 1 | Entry 2 | Number of experiments | Intact | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BINARY | Q9H2V7 | BCL2L1 Q07817 | 3 | EBI-1386527, EBI-78035 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
Miscellaneous
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 1-49 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: MAGSDTAPFLSQADDPDDGPVPGTPGLPGSTGNPKSEEPEVPDQEGLQR |
Sequence similarities
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence & Isoforms
- Sequence statusComplete
This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.
Q9H2V7-1
This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
- Name1
- Length528
- Mass (Da)56,630
- Last updated2001-03-01 v1
- ChecksumF1B9D2EB3F9F1B48
Q9H2V7-2
- Name2
- Differences from canonical
- 271-322: Missing
Q9H2V7-3
- Name3
- SynonymsCRA_d
Q9H2V7-4
- Name4
- Differences from canonical
- 1-73: Missing
Q9H2V7-5
- Name5
- Differences from canonical
- 223-528: TPGLGVVAVLLLFLVVREPPRGAVERHSDLPPLNPTSWWADLRALARNPSFVLSSLGFTAVAFVTGSLALWAPAFLLRSRVVLGETPPCLPGDSCSSSDSLIFGLITCLTGVLGVGLGVEISRRLRHSNPRADPLVCATGLLGSAPFLFLSLACARGSIVATYIFIFIGETLLSMNWAIVADILLYVVIPTRRSTAEAFQIVLSHLLGDAGSPYLIGLISDRLRRNWPPSFLSEFRALQFSLMLCAFVGALGGAAFLGTAIFIEADRRRAQLHVQGLLHEAGSTDDRIVVPQRGRSTRVPVASVLI → SLVLAWG
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There are 6 potential isoforms mapped to this entry
Sequence caution
Features
Showing features for alternative sequence.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequence | VSP_028194 | 1-73 | in isoform 4 | |||
Sequence: Missing | ||||||
Alternative sequence | VSP_028195 | 81-102 | in isoform 3 | |||
Sequence: Missing | ||||||
Alternative sequence | VSP_036389 | 223-528 | in isoform 5 | |||
Sequence: TPGLGVVAVLLLFLVVREPPRGAVERHSDLPPLNPTSWWADLRALARNPSFVLSSLGFTAVAFVTGSLALWAPAFLLRSRVVLGETPPCLPGDSCSSSDSLIFGLITCLTGVLGVGLGVEISRRLRHSNPRADPLVCATGLLGSAPFLFLSLACARGSIVATYIFIFIGETLLSMNWAIVADILLYVVIPTRRSTAEAFQIVLSHLLGDAGSPYLIGLISDRLRRNWPPSFLSEFRALQFSLMLCAFVGALGGAAFLGTAIFIEADRRRAQLHVQGLLHEAGSTDDRIVVPQRGRSTRVPVASVLI → SLVLAWG | ||||||
Alternative sequence | VSP_028196 | 271-322 | in isoform 2 and isoform 3 | |||
Sequence: Missing |
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF212371 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAG43830.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AK095677 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAC04603.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AK289787 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAF82476.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AF370423 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAQ15259.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | Sequence problems. | |
AL390215 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAB99229.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AC109460 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | Genomic DNA | No translation available. | |
CH471267 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | EAW52018.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
CH471267 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | EAW52019.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
BC006156 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH06156.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC008325 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH08325.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC038961 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH38961.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC047741 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH47741.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC065235 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH65235.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |