Q9BXN1 · ASPN_HUMAN
- ProteinAsporin
- GeneASPN
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids380 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Negatively regulates periodontal ligament (PDL) differentiation and mineralization to ensure that the PDL is not ossified and to maintain homeostasis of the tooth-supporting system. Inhibits BMP2-induced cytodifferentiation of PDL cells by preventing its binding to BMPR1B/BMP type-1B receptor, resulting in inhibition of BMP-dependent activation of SMAD proteins (By similarity).
Critical regulator of TGF-beta in articular cartilage and plays an essential role in cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Negatively regulates chondrogenesis in the articular cartilage by blocking the TGF-beta/receptor interaction on the cell surface and inhibiting the canonical TGF-beta/Smad signal. Binds calcium and plays a role in osteoblast-driven collagen biomineralization activity
Critical regulator of TGF-beta in articular cartilage and plays an essential role in cartilage homeostasis and osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Negatively regulates chondrogenesis in the articular cartilage by blocking the TGF-beta/receptor interaction on the cell surface and inhibiting the canonical TGF-beta/Smad signal. Binds calcium and plays a role in osteoblast-driven collagen biomineralization activity
GO annotations
all annotations | all molecular function | virus receptor activity | dna binding | rna binding | cytoskeletal motor activity | catalytic activity | gtpase activity | structural molecule activity | transporter activity | cytoskeletal protein binding | lipid binding | cyclase activity | antioxidant activity | oxidoreductase activity | transferase activity | hydrolase activity | lyase activity | isomerase activity | ligase activity | protein tag activity | cargo receptor activity | histone binding | protein folding chaperone | translation regulator activity | nutrient reservoir activity | receptor ligand activity | molecular transducer activity | molecular adaptor activity | toxin activity | cell adhesion mediator activity | molecular function regulator activity | virus coreceptor activity | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | catalytic activity, acting on dna | catalytic activity, acting on rna | molecular carrier activity | transcription regulator activity | general transcription initiation factor activity | molecular sensor activity | molecular sequestering activity | atp-dependent activity | other molecular function | all biological process | mitotic cell cycle | cytokinesis | cytoplasmic translation | immune system process | muscle system process | circulatory system process | renal system process | respiratory system process | carbohydrate metabolic process | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | dna replication | dna repair | dna recombination | chromatin organization | dna-templated transcription | regulation of dna-templated transcription | trna metabolic process | protein folding | protein glycosylation | amino acid metabolic process | modified amino acid metabolic process | lipid metabolic process | vitamin metabolic process | sulfur compound metabolic process | intracellular protein transport | nucleocytoplasmic transport | autophagy | inflammatory response | mitochondrion organization | cytoskeleton organization | microtubule-based movement | peroxisome organization | lysosome organization | chromosome segregation | cell adhesion | establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | programmed cell death | photosynthesis | mrna metabolic process | snrna metabolic process | vesicle-mediated transport | reproductive process | digestive system process | signaling | cell differentiation | protein catabolic process | extracellular matrix organization | regulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencing | telomere organization | cell junction organization | wound healing | ribosome biogenesis | cilium organization | anatomical structure development | cell motility | nervous system process | endocrine process | protein maturation | transmembrane transport | nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process | hepaticobiliary system process | membrane organization | protein-containing complex assembly | cell wall organization or biogenesis | nitrogen cycle metabolic process | protein localization to plasma membrane | defense response to other organism | detoxification | meiotic nuclear division | mitotic nuclear division | mitochondrial gene expression | carbohydrate derivative metabolic process | other biological process | all cellular component | nuclear chromosome | extracellular region | extracellular space | cell wall | nucleus | nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm | chromosome | nucleolus | mitochondrion | lysosome | endosome | vacuole | peroxisome | endoplasmic reticulum | golgi apparatus | lipid droplet | microtubule organizing center | cytosol | ribosome | cytoskeleton | plasma membrane | cilium | plastid | thylakoid | external encapsulating structure | extracellular matrix | cytoplasmic vesicle | organelle | other cellular component | |||
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Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | cell projection | |
Cellular Component | collagen-containing extracellular matrix | |
Cellular Component | extracellular matrix | |
Cellular Component | extracellular space | |
Molecular Function | calcium ion binding | |
Biological Process | bone mineralization | |
Biological Process | negative regulation of tooth mineralization | |
Biological Process | negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway | |
Biological Process | response to fluoride |
Keywords
- Biological process
- Ligand
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameAsporin
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ9BXN1
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Keywords
- Cellular component
Disease & Variants
Involvement in disease
Osteoarthritis 3 (OS3)
- Note
- DescriptionA degenerative disease of the joints characterized by degradation of the hyaline articular cartilage and remodeling of the subchondral bone with sclerosis. Clinical symptoms include pain and joint stiffness often leading to significant disability and joint replacement.
- See alsoMIM:607850
Intervertebral disc disease (IDD)
- Note
- DescriptionA common musculo-skeletal disorder caused by degeneration of intervertebral disks of the lumbar spine. It results in low-back pain and unilateral leg pain.
- See alsoMIM:603932
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 374 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
Organism-specific databases
Miscellaneous
Genetic variation databases
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for signal, propeptide, chain, glycosylation, disulfide bond.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal | 1-14 | |||||
Sequence: MKEYVLLLFLALCS | ||||||
Propeptide | PRO_0000032727 | 15-32 | ||||
Sequence: AKPFFSPSHIALKNMMLK | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000032728 | 33-380 | Asporin | |||
Sequence: DMEDTDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEDNSLFPTREPRSHFFPFDLFPMCPFGCQCYSRVVHCSDLGLTSVPTNIPFDTRMLDLQNNKIKEIKENDFKGLTSLYGLILNNNKLTKIHPKAFLTTKKLRRLYLSHNQLSEIPLNLPKSLAELRIHENKVKKIQKDTFKGMNALHVLEMSANPLDNNGIEPGAFEGVTVFHIRIAEAKLTSVPKGLPPTLLELHLDYNKISTVELEDFKRYKELQRLGLGNNKITDIENGSLANIPRVREIHLENNKLKKIPSGLPELKYLQIIFLHSNSIARVGVNDFCPTVPKMKKSLYSAISLFNNPVKYWEMQPATFRCVLSRMSVQLGNFGM | ||||||
Glycosylation | 55 | O-linked (GalNAc...) serine | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Disulfide bond | 75↔81 | |||||
Sequence: CPFGCQC | ||||||
Disulfide bond | 79↔88 | |||||
Sequence: CQCYSRVVHC | ||||||
Glycosylation | 282 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine | ||||
Sequence: N | ||||||
Disulfide bond | 333↔366 | |||||
Sequence: CPTVPKMKKSLYSAISLFNNPVKYWEMQPATFRC |
Post-translational modification
There is no serine/glycine dipeptide sequence expected for the attachment of O-linked glycosaminoglycans and this is probably not a proteoglycan. The O-linked polysaccharide on 54-Ser is probably the mucin type linked to GalNAc.
The N-linked glycan at Asn-282 is composed of variable structures of GlcNAc, mannose, fucose, HexNAc and hexose.
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Higher levels in osteoarthritic articular cartilage, aorta, uterus. Moderate expression in small intestine, heart, liver, bladder, ovary, stomach, and in the adrenal, thyroid, and mammary glands. Low expression in trachea, bone marrow, and lung. Colocalizes with TGFB1 in chondrocytes within osteoarthritic (OA) lesions of articular cartilage.
Induction
By TGFB1.
Gene expression databases
Organism-specific databases
Interaction
Subunit
Interacts with TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. DCN, BGN, and FMOD inhibit binding to TGFB1. Interacts with BMP2. Interacts in vitro with type II collagen (By similarity).
Interacts with type I collagen. DCN can inhibit collagen binding
Interacts with type I collagen. DCN can inhibit collagen binding
Protein-protein interaction databases
Miscellaneous
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for compositional bias, region, domain, repeat.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional bias | 35-55 | Acidic residues | ||||
Sequence: EDTDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEDNS | ||||||
Region | 35-59 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: EDTDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEDNSLFPT | ||||||
Domain | 66-102 | LRRNT | ||||
Sequence: FFPFDLFPMCPFGCQCYSRVVHCSDLGLTSVPTNIPF | ||||||
Repeat | 103-124 | LRR 1 | ||||
Sequence: DTRMLDLQNNKIKEIKENDFKG | ||||||
Repeat | 127-148 | LRR 2 | ||||
Sequence: SLYGLILNNNKLTKIHPKAFLT | ||||||
Repeat | 151-173 | LRR 3 | ||||
Sequence: KLRRLYLSHNQLSEIPLNLPKSL | ||||||
Region | 166-212 | Interaction with TGFB1 | ||||
Sequence: PLNLPKSLAELRIHENKVKKIQKDTFKGMNALHVLEMSANPLDNNGI | ||||||
Repeat | 174-193 | LRR 4 | ||||
Sequence: AELRIHENKVKKIQKDTFKG | ||||||
Repeat | 196-219 | LRR 5 | ||||
Sequence: ALHVLEMSANPLDNNGIEPGAFEG | ||||||
Repeat | 242-263 | LRR 6 | ||||
Sequence: TLLELHLDYNKISTVELEDFKR | ||||||
Repeat | 266-287 | LRR 7 | ||||
Sequence: ELQRLGLGNNKITDIENGSLAN | ||||||
Repeat | 290-312 | LRR 8 | ||||
Sequence: RVREIHLENNKLKKIPSGLPELK | ||||||
Repeat | 313-334 | LRR 9 | ||||
Sequence: YLQIIFLHSNSIARVGVNDFCP | ||||||
Repeat | 335-357 | LRR 10 | ||||
Sequence: TVPKMKKSLYSAISLFNNPVKYW | ||||||
Repeat | 358-380 | LRR 11 | ||||
Sequence: EMQPATFRCVLSRMSVQLGNFGM |
Domain
The LRR 5 repeat can inhibit BMP2-induced cytodifferentiation and may be involved in the interaction with BMP2 (By similarity).
The repeats LRR 10, LRR 11 and LRR 12 are involved in binding type I collagen. The poly-Asp region is involved in binding calcium
The repeats LRR 10, LRR 11 and LRR 12 are involved in binding type I collagen. The poly-Asp region is involved in binding calcium
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily.
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
- Length380
- Mass (Da)43,417
- Last updated2008-10-14 v2
- Checksum2746A977FDCEBA5F
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There are 4 potential isoforms mapped to this entry
Entry | Entry name | Gene name | Length | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q5TBF2 | Q5TBF2_HUMAN | ASPN | 243 | ||
A0AAG2UW46 | A0AAG2UW46_HUMAN | ASPN | 379 | ||
A0A494C1J0 | A0A494C1J0_HUMAN | ASPN | 152 | ||
A0A494C084 | A0A494C084_HUMAN | ASPN | 124 |
Sequence caution
Features
Showing features for compositional bias, sequence conflict.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional bias | 35-55 | Acidic residues | ||||
Sequence: EDTDDDDDDDDDDDDDDEDNS | ||||||
Sequence conflict | 238-243 | in Ref. 3; BAB55060 | ||||
Sequence: GLPPTL → DNLPSF |
Polymorphism
The poly-Asp region of ASPN is polymorphic and ranges at least from 11 to 17 Asp (PubMed:11152692).
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF316824 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAK35161.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY029191 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAK31800.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AK000136 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAA90967.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | Different initiation | |
AK027359 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAB55060.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY358329 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAQ88695.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AL137848 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | Genomic DNA | No translation available. | |
CH471089 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | EAW62822.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA |