Q99NF1 · BCDO2_MOUSE
- ProteinCarotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase, mitochondrial
- GeneBco2
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids532 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Broad specificity mitochondrial dioxygenase that mediates the asymmetric oxidative cleavage of carotenoids (PubMed:11278918, PubMed:21106934).
Cleaves carotenes (pure hydrocarbon carotenoids) such as all-trans-beta-carotene and lycopene as well as xanthophylls (oxygenated carotenoids) such as zeaxanthin, lutein and beta-cryptoxanthin at both the 9,10 and the 9',10' carbon-carbon double bond (PubMed:11278918, PubMed:21106934).
Through its function in carotenoids metabolism regulates oxidative stress and the production of important signaling molecules (PubMed:21106934).
Cleaves carotenes (pure hydrocarbon carotenoids) such as all-trans-beta-carotene and lycopene as well as xanthophylls (oxygenated carotenoids) such as zeaxanthin, lutein and beta-cryptoxanthin at both the 9,10 and the 9',10' carbon-carbon double bond (PubMed:11278918, PubMed:21106934).
Through its function in carotenoids metabolism regulates oxidative stress and the production of important signaling molecules (PubMed:21106934).
Catalytic activity
- all-trans-beta-carotene + O2 = all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + beta-iononeThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 5-cis-lycopene + O2 = (3E,5E)-6,10-dimethylundeca-3,5,9-trien-2-one + 5-cis-10'-apo-lycopenalThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 13-cis-lycopene + O2 = (3E,5E)-6,10-dimethylundeca-3,5,9-trien-2-one + 13-cis-10'-apo-lycopenalThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- lutein + O2 = (3R)-3-hydroxy-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + (3R,6R)-hydroxy-alpha-iononeThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- lutein + O2 = (3R)-hydroxy-beta-ionone + (3R,6R)-3-hydroxy-10'-apo-alpha-carotenalThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- all-trans-zeaxanthin + 2 O2 = 2 (3R)-hydroxy-beta-ionone + 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedialThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- all-trans-zeaxanthin + O2 = (3R)-3-hydroxy-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + (3R)-hydroxy-beta-iononeThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- beta-cryptoxanthin + O2 = (3R)-hydroxy-beta-ionone + all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenalThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- all-trans-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + O2 = 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedial + beta-iononeThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (3R)-3-hydroxy-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + O2 = (3R)-hydroxy-beta-ionone + 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedialThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (3R,6R)-3-hydroxy-10'-apo-alpha-carotenal + O2 = (3R,6R)-hydroxy-alpha-ionone + 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedialThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
Cofactor
Note: Binds 1 Fe2+ ion per subunit.
Features
Showing features for binding site.
GO annotations
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
- Ligand
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameCarotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase, mitochondrial
- EC number
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Mus > Mus
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ99NF1
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Homozygous knockout mice lacking Bcdo2 develop normally, and both females and males are fertile when raised on standard diet (PubMed:21106934).
On a diet supplemented with xanthophylls, knockout mice accumulate derivatives of these xanthophylls in all tested tissues and develop liver steatosis with large lipid droplets in hepatocytes and a significantly increased triacylglyceride content (PubMed:21106934).
Accumulated carotenoids impair mitochondrial respiration, induce ROS production and cellular signaling pathways related to oxidative stress (PubMed:21106934).
On a diet supplemented with xanthophylls, knockout mice accumulate derivatives of these xanthophylls in all tested tissues and develop liver steatosis with large lipid droplets in hepatocytes and a significantly increased triacylglyceride content (PubMed:21106934).
Accumulated carotenoids impair mitochondrial respiration, induce ROS production and cellular signaling pathways related to oxidative stress (PubMed:21106934).
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 26 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000143939 | 1-532 | Carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase, mitochondrial | |||
Sequence: MLGPKQSLPCIAPLLTTAEETLSAVSARVRGHIPEWLNGYLLRVGPGKFEFGKDRYNHWFDGMALLHQFRMERGTVTYKSKFLQSDTYKANSAGGRIVISEFGTLALPDPCKSIFERFMSRFEPPTMTDNTNVNFVQYKGDYYMSTETNFMNKVDIEMLERTEKVDWSKFIAVNGATAHPHYDPDGTAYNMGNSYGPRGSCYNIIRVPPKKKEPGETIHGAQVLCSIASTEKMKPSYYHSFGMTKNYIIFVEQPVKMKLWKIITSKIRGKPFADGISWEPQYNTRFHVVDKHTGQLLPGMYYSMPFLTYHQINAFEDQGCIVIDLCCQDDGRSLDLYQLQNLRKAGEGLDQVYELKAKSFPRRFVLPLDVSVDAAEGKNLSPLSYSSASAVKQGDGEIWCSPENLHHEDLEEEGGIEFPQINYGRFNGKKYSFFYGCGFRHLVGDSLIKVDVTNKTLRVWREEGFYPSEPVFVPVPGADEEDSGVILSVVITPNQSESNFLLVLDAKSFTELGRAEVPVQMPYGFHGTFVPI |
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Expressed in small intestine, liver, kidney, testis and less abundantly in spleen, brain, lung, and heart.
Induction
Up-regulated by carotenoids.
Gene expression databases
Structure
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length532
- Mass (Da)60,142
- Last updated2001-06-01 v1
- Checksum7461AD5A53FE86A3
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AJ290392 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAC28026.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |