Q91ZW1 · TFAM_RAT
- ProteinTranscription factor A, mitochondrial
- GeneTfam
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids244 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at transcript level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Isoform Mitochondrial
Binds to the mitochondrial light strand promoter and functions in mitochondrial transcription regulation. Component of the mitochondrial transcription initiation complex, composed at least of TFB2M, TFAM and POLRMT that is required for basal transcription of mitochondrial DNA. In this complex, TFAM recruits POLRMT to a specific promoter whereas TFB2M induces structural changes in POLRMT to enable promoter opening and trapping of the DNA non-template strand. Required for accurate and efficient promoter recognition by the mitochondrial RNA polymerase. Promotes transcription initiation from the HSP1 and the light strand promoter by binding immediately upstream of transcriptional start sites. Is able to unwind DNA. Bends the mitochondrial light strand promoter DNA into a U-turn shape via its HMG boxes. Required for maintenance of normal levels of mitochondrial DNA. May play a role in organizing and compacting mitochondrial DNA (By similarity).
Isoform Nuclear
May also function as a transcriptional activator or may have a structural role in the compaction of nuclear DNA during spermatogenesis.
Features
Showing features for dna binding, site.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DNA binding | 49-117 | HMG box 1 | ||||
Sequence: PKKPMSSYLRFSTEQLPKFKAKHPDAKVSELIRKIAAMWRELPEAEKKVYEADFKAEWKVYKEAVSKYK | ||||||
Site | 57 | Intercalates between bases and promotes DNA bending | ||||
Sequence: L | ||||||
DNA binding | 154-218 | HMG box 2 | ||||
Sequence: PKRPRSAYNIYVSESFQEAKDESAQGKLKLVNQAWKNLSHDEKQAYIQLAKDDRIRYDNEMKSWE | ||||||
Site | 181 | Intercalates between bases and promotes DNA bending | ||||
Sequence: L |
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | cytosol | |
Cellular Component | mitochondrial matrix | |
Cellular Component | mitochondrial nucleoid | |
Cellular Component | mitochondrion | |
Cellular Component | nucleus | |
Cellular Component | protein-containing complex | |
Molecular Function | chromatin binding | |
Molecular Function | heat shock protein binding | |
Molecular Function | mitochondrial promoter sequence-specific DNA binding | |
Molecular Function | mitochondrial transcription factor activity | |
Molecular Function | sequence-specific DNA binding | |
Molecular Function | transcription cis-regulatory region binding | |
Molecular Function | transcription coactivator binding | |
Biological Process | mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly | |
Biological Process | mitochondrial transcription | |
Biological Process | positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription | |
Biological Process | response to hypoxia | |
Biological Process | response to nutrient | |
Biological Process | transcription initiation at mitochondrial promoter |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameTranscription factor A, mitochondrial
- Short namesmtTFA
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Rattus
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ91ZW1
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Isoform Mitochondrial
Isoform Nuclear
Keywords
- Cellular component
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for transit peptide, chain, modified residue.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transit peptide | 1-42 | Mitochondrion | ||||
Sequence: MALFRGMWGVLRTLGRTGVEMCAGCGGRIPSPVSLICIPKCF | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000013472 | 43-244 | Transcription factor A, mitochondrial | |||
Sequence: SSLGNYPKKPMSSYLRFSTEQLPKFKAKHPDAKVSELIRKIAAMWRELPEAEKKVYEADFKAEWKVYKEAVSKYKEQLTPSQLMGLEKEARQKRLKKKAQIKRRELILLGKPKRPRSAYNIYVSESFQEAKDESAQGKLKLVNQAWKNLSHDEKQAYIQLAKDDRIRYDNEMKSWEEQMAEVGRSDLIRRSVKRPPGDISEN | ||||||
Modified residue | 54 | Phosphoserine; by PKA | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Modified residue | 55 | Phosphoserine; by PKA | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Modified residue | 60 | Phosphoserine; by PKA | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Modified residue | 66 | N6-succinyllysine | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Modified residue | 121 | Phosphothreonine | ||||
Sequence: T | ||||||
Modified residue | 159 | Phosphoserine; by PKA | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Modified residue | 192 | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S |
Post-translational modification
Phosphorylation by PKA within the HMG box 1 impairs DNA binding and promotes degradation by the AAA+ Lon protease.
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
The mitochondrial isoform is widely expressed while the nuclear isoform is testis-specific.
Gene expression databases
Interaction
Subunit
Monomer; binds DNA as a monomer. Homodimer. Component of the mitochondrial transcription initiation complex, composed at least of TFB2M, TFAM and POLRMT. In this complex TFAM recruits POLRMT to the promoter whereas TFB2M induces structural changes in POLRMT to enable promoter opening and trapping of the DNA non-template strand. Upon metabolic stress, forms a complex composed of FOXO3, SIRT3, TFAM and POLRMT. Interacts with TFB1M and TFB2M. Interacts with CLPX; this enhances DNA-binding.
Protein-protein interaction databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 221-244 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: MAEVGRSDLIRRSVKRPPGDISEN |
Domain
Binds DNA via its HMG boxes. When bound to the mitochondrial light strand promoter, bends DNA into a U-turn shape, each HMG box bending the DNA by 90 degrees (By similarity).
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence & Isoform
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.
Q91ZW1-1
This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
- NameMitochondrial
- Length244
- Mass (Da)28,187
- Last updated2001-12-01 v1
- Checksum8725027A6331D62E
Q91ZW1-2
- NameNuclear
Features
Showing features for sequence conflict.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflict | 171 | in Ref. 1; BAA77755 | ||||
Sequence: E → G | ||||||
Sequence conflict | 177 | in Ref. 1; BAA77755 | ||||
Sequence: A → P |
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AB014089 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAA77755.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AJ312746 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAC84763.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AF377866 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAL12892.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC062022 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH62022.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |