Q8K4H1 · KFA_MOUSE
- ProteinKynurenine formamidase
- GeneAfmid
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids305 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-formyl-L-kynurenine to L-kynurenine, the second step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation. Kynurenine may be further oxidized to nicotinic acid, NAD(H) and NADP(H). Required for elimination of toxic metabolites.
Miscellaneous
The Afmid gene shares a bidirectional promoter region with Tk1 gene.
Catalytic activity
- H2O + N-formyl-L-kynurenine = formate + H+ + L-kynurenine
Kinetics
KM | SUBSTRATE | pH | TEMPERATURE[C] | NOTES | EVIDENCE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.18 mM | N-formyl-L-kynurenine |
Vmax | pH | TEMPERATURE[C] | NOTES | EVIDENCE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
42 μmol/min/mg |
Pathway
Amino-acid degradation; L-tryptophan degradation via kynurenine pathway; L-kynurenine from L-tryptophan: step 2/2.
Features
Showing features for active site.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active site | 162 | Nucleophile | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Active site | 247 | |||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Active site | 279 | |||||
Sequence: H |
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | cytoplasm | |
Cellular Component | cytosol | |
Cellular Component | nucleus | |
Molecular Function | arylformamidase activity | |
Biological Process | 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan | |
Biological Process | tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Protein family/group databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameKynurenine formamidase
- EC number
- Short namesKFA ; KFase
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Strains
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Mus > Mus
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ8K4H1
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Note: Predominantly cytosolic. Some fraction is nuclear.
Keywords
- Cellular component
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Mice display sclerosis of kidney glomeruli, possibly due to failures in the elimination of toxic metabolites.
Features
Showing features for mutagenesis.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesis | 162 | Loss of enzyme activity. | ||||
Sequence: S → A | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 247 | Loss of enzyme activity. | ||||
Sequence: D → A | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 279 | Loss of enzyme activity. | ||||
Sequence: H → A |
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 19 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000248309 | 1-305 | Kynurenine formamidase | |||
Sequence: MAFPSLSAGQNPWRNLSSEELEKQYSPSRWVIHTKPEEVVGNFVQIGSQATQKARATRRNQLDVPYGDGEGEKLDIYFPDEDSKAFPLFLFLHGGYWQSGSKDDSAFMVNPLTAQGIVVVIVAYDIAPKGTLDQMVDQVTRSVVFLQRRYPSNEGIYLCGHSAGAHLAAMVLLARWTKHGVTPNLQGFLLVSGIYDLEPLIATSQNDPLRMTLEDAQRNSPQRHLDVVPAQPVAPACPVLVLVGQHDSPEFHRQSKEFYETLLRVGWKASFQQLRGVDHFDIIENLTREDDVLTQIILKTVFQKL |
Post-translational modification
The N-terminus is blocked.
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Highly expressed in liver. Expressed in kidney. Weakly or not expressed in other tissues.
Induction
Down-regulated upon IL2-mediated activation. Transcriptional activation correlates with reduced histone acetylation.
Gene expression databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for motif.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motif | 93-97 | HGGXW | ||||
Sequence: HGGYW |
Domain
The main chain amide nitrogen atoms of the second glycine and its adjacent residue in the HGGXW motif define the oxyanion hole, and stabilize the oxyanion that forms during the nucleophilic attack by the catalytic serine during substrate cleavage.
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the kynurenine formamidase family.
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence & Isoform
- Sequence statusComplete
This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.
Q8K4H1-1
This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
- Name1
- Length305
- Mass (Da)34,229
- Last updated2002-10-01 v1
- Checksum898000A577132A52
Q8K4H1-2
- Name2
- Differences from canonical
- 296-305: IILKTVFQKL → VGLTPTTVFLNGQRGSHAHTWAWPGRQEQRERLAVPRWKSQSRLHRRACGECLLFIIVVAETMSHCITLAGLGLKI
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry
Entry | Entry name | Gene name | Length | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
B1AQL0 | B1AQL0_MOUSE | Afmid | 363 |
Sequence caution
Features
Showing features for sequence conflict, alternative sequence.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflict | 33 | in Ref. 4; AAH43309/AAH24452 | ||||
Sequence: H → R | ||||||
Alternative sequence | VSP_020237 | 296-305 | in isoform 2 | |||
Sequence: IILKTVFQKL → VGLTPTTVFLNGQRGSHAHTWAWPGRQEQRERLAVPRWKSQSRLHRRACGECLLFIIVVAETMSHCITLAGLGLKI |
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AF399717 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAM62284.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY099479 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAM44406.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AL591433 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | Genomic DNA | No translation available. | |
BC024452 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH24452.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | Different initiation | |
BC043309 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH43309.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC066780 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH66780.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |