Q76IQ4 · GHRL_ONCMY

Function

function

Ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation (By similarity).
Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentextracellular space
Molecular FunctionG protein-coupled receptor binding
Molecular Functionghrelin receptor binding
Molecular Functiongrowth hormone-releasing hormone activity
Biological ProcessG protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processgastric acid secretion
Biological Processgrowth hormone secretion
Biological Processnegative regulation of appetite
Biological Processnegative regulation of inflammatory response
Biological Processpositive regulation of gene expression
Biological Processpositive regulation of growth hormone secretion
Biological Processpositive regulation of superoxide dismutase activity
Biological Processregulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
Biological Processresponse to starvation

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

Gene names

    • Name
      ghrl

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    Q76IQ4
  • Secondary accessions
    • Q76HE2

Proteomes

Subcellular Location

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for signal, peptide, lipidation, modified residue, propeptide.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Signal1-26
PeptidePRO_000001921727-49Ghrelin-23
PeptidePRO_000001921627-50Ghrelin-24
Lipidation29O-decanoyl serine; alternate
Lipidation29O-hexanoyl serine; alternate
Lipidation29O-octanoyl serine; alternate
Modified residue49Valine amide
PropeptidePRO_000001921853-111Removed in mature form

Post-translational modification

O-octanoylated by GOAT/MBOAT4 (By similarity).
O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for activity. The O-decanoylated forms differ in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid forming an ester bond with Ser-29 (By similarity).
The majority of trout ghrelin is Ghrelin-20 modified with unsaturated decanoic acid (PubMed:12970156).
Ghrelin-20 and Ghrelin-23 are amidated. In some cases, Gly-50 is retained after dibasic amino acid cleavage, to produce non-amidated Ghrelin-21 and Ghrelin-24.

Keywords

Expression

Tissue specificity

Highest levels in the stomach. Moderate levels in the brain, hypothalamus and intestinal tracts.

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region28-51Disordered

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the motilin family.

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence & Isoform

Align isoforms (2)
  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Sequence processing
    The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.

Q76IQ4-1

This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

  • Length
    111
  • Mass (Da)
    12,304
  • Last updated
    2004-07-05 v1
  • Checksum
    28CE572EA3BD3F96
MPLKRNTGLMILMLCTLALWAKSVSAGSSFLSPSQKPQVRQGKGKPPRVGRRDIESFAELFEGPLHQEDKHNTIKAPFEMGITMSEEEFQEYGAVLQKILQDVLGDTATAE

Q76IQ4-2

  • Name
    2
  • Synonyms
    des-VRQ-ghrelin
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical

Features

Showing features for alternative sequence.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Alternative sequenceVSP_05175439-41in isoform 2

Mass Spectrometry

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,204.8 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C8:1) O-octanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,206.6 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C8:0) O-octanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,230.7 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C10:2) O-decanoylation. Major form. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,232.5 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C10:1) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,235 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C10:0) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,264.1 Da. Determined by MALDI. With glycine retention and (C8:0) O-octanoylation. The measured range is 27-50.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,288.4 Da. Determined by MALDI. With glycine retention and (C10:2) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-50.

Isoform 2

Molecular mass is 2,291.1 Da. Determined by MALDI. With glycine retention and (C10:1) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-50.

Isoform 1

Molecular mass is 2,590 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C8:0) O-octanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 1

Molecular mass is 2,613.9 Da. Determined by MALDI. With amidation and (C10:1) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-49.

Isoform 1

Molecular mass is 2,648.2 Da. Determined by MALDI. With glycine retention and (C8:0) O-octanoylation. The measured range is 27-50.

Isoform 1

Molecular mass is 2,672.3 Da. Determined by MALDI. With glycine retention and (C10:2) O-decanoylation. The measured range is 27-50.

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AB096919
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAD02979.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AB100839
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAD02980.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AB100839
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAD02981.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AB101443
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAD02982.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018.
FeedbackHelp