Q76FS5 · SPS2_ARATH
- ProteinSolanesyl diphosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic
- GeneSPS2
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids417 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Involved in providing solanesyl diphosphate for plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) formation in plastids (Probable) (PubMed:15784989, PubMed:23913686).
Catalyzes the elongation of the prenyl side chain of PQ-9 in plastids (PubMed:23913686).
Contributes to the biosynthesis of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in plastids (PubMed:23913686).
Does not contribute to the synthesis of tocopherol or ubiquinone (PubMed:23913686).
PQ-9 and PC-8 are lipophilic antioxidants that act as protectant against photooxidative stress under high light stress conditions (PubMed:23913686).
Prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate as substrate (PubMed:15784989).
No activity with geranyl diphosphate or dimethylallyl diphosphate as substrate (PubMed:15784989).
Catalyzes the elongation of the prenyl side chain of PQ-9 in plastids (PubMed:23913686).
Contributes to the biosynthesis of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in plastids (PubMed:23913686).
Does not contribute to the synthesis of tocopherol or ubiquinone (PubMed:23913686).
PQ-9 and PC-8 are lipophilic antioxidants that act as protectant against photooxidative stress under high light stress conditions (PubMed:23913686).
Prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate as substrate (PubMed:15784989).
No activity with geranyl diphosphate or dimethylallyl diphosphate as substrate (PubMed:15784989).
Catalytic activity
- (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate = all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate + 5 diphosphate
Cofactor
Note: Binds 2 Mg2+ ions per subunit.
Kinetics
KM | SUBSTRATE | pH | TEMPERATURE[C] | NOTES | EVIDENCE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.89 μM | farnesyl diphosphate | in the presence of 500 uM of isopentenyl diphosphate | ||||
0.843 μM | geranylgeranyl diphosphate | in the presence of 100 uM of isopentenyl diphosphate | ||||
182 μM | isopentenyl diphosphate | in the presence of 20 uM of farnesyl diphosphate | ||||
28.9 μM | isopentenyl diphosphate | in the presence of 4 uM of geranylgeranyl diphosphate |
kcat is 3.77 sec-1 with farnesyl diphosphate as substrate (in the presence of 500 uM of isopentenyl diphosphate). kcat is 2.33 sec-1 with geranylgeranyl diphosphate as substrate (in the presence of 100 uM of isopentenyl diphosphate). kcat is 2.83 sec-1 with isopentenyl diphosphate as substrate (in the presence of 20 uM of farnesyl diphosphate). kcat is 1.72 sec-1 with isopentenyl diphosphate as substrate (in the presence of 4 uM of geranylgeranyl diphosphate).
pH Dependence
Optimum pH is 8.0.
Features
Showing features for binding site.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Binding site | 137 | isopentenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Binding site | 140 | isopentenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: R | ||||||
Binding site | 175 | isopentenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: H | ||||||
Binding site | 182 | Mg2+ 1 (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 182 | Mg2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 186 | Mg2+ 1 (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 186 | Mg2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 191 | an all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: R | ||||||
Binding site | 192 | isopentenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: R | ||||||
Binding site | 268 | an all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Binding site | 269 | an all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: T | ||||||
Binding site | 306 | an all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: Q | ||||||
Binding site | 323 | an all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate (UniProtKB | ChEBI) | ||||
Sequence: K |
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | chloroplast | |
Cellular Component | chloroplast stroma | |
Cellular Component | plastid | |
Molecular Function | all-trans-nonaprenyl-diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) activity | |
Molecular Function | metal ion binding | |
Biological Process | isoprenoid biosynthetic process | |
Biological Process | plastoquinone biosynthetic process |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
- Ligand
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameSolanesyl diphosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic
- EC number
- Short namesAtSPS2
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Viridiplantae > Streptophyta > Embryophyta > Tracheophyta > Spermatophyta > Magnoliopsida > eudicotyledons > Gunneridae > Pentapetalae > rosids > malvids > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Camelineae > Arabidopsis
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ76FS5
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Genome annotation databases
Subcellular Location
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Reduced growth (PubMed:23913686).
Decreased levels of plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) and complete loss of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in leaves (PubMed:23913686).
Severe increase of photoinhibition at high light intensity (PubMed:23913686).
The double mutants sps1 and sps2 exhibit an albino phenotype and are devoided of both PQ-9 and PC-8 in cotyledons (PubMed:23913686).
Decreased levels of plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) and complete loss of plastochromanol-8 (PC-8) in leaves (PubMed:23913686).
Severe increase of photoinhibition at high light intensity (PubMed:23913686).
The double mutants sps1 and sps2 exhibit an albino phenotype and are devoided of both PQ-9 and PC-8 in cotyledons (PubMed:23913686).
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 20 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for transit peptide, chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transit peptide | 1-60 | Chloroplast | ||||
Sequence: MMMSCRNIDLGTSVLDHSCSSSSTSRRFLFGNSSKTVCMIGGRSCVGNLVFLRRDLATCR | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000414849 | 61-417 | Solanesyl diphosphate synthase 2, chloroplastic | |||
Sequence: AVPAKSKENSLVNGIGQDQTVMLNLRQESRKPISLETLFEVVADDLQRLNDNLLSIVGAENPVLISAAEQIFSAGGKRMRPGLVFLVSRATAELAGLKELTVEHRRLGEIIEMIHTASLIHDDVLDESDMRRGRETVHELFGTRVAVLAGDFMFAQASWYLANLENLEVIKLISQVIKDFASGEIKQASSLFDCDVKLDDYMLKSYYKTASLVAASTKGAAIFSKVESKVAEQMYQFGKNLGLSFQVVDDILDFTQSTEQLGKPAANDLAKGNITAPVIFALENEPRLREIIESEFCEPGSLEEAIEIVRNRGGIKKAQELAKEKAELALKNLNCLPRSGFRSALEDMVMFNLERID |
Proteomic databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Higher expression in leaves than in roots.
Induction
Induced by high light conditions.
Gene expression databases
Structure
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
- Length417
- Mass (Da)46,045
- Last updated2004-07-05 v1
- ChecksumE62BA8786A2548BB
Sequence caution
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AB104727 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAC82428.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AB188498 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAD88534.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AC007651 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAD50025.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | Different initiation | |
CP002684 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AEE29535.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
BT028962 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | ABI54337.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BT004246 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAO42250.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |