Q6E1M8 · AWAT2_MOUSE
- ProteinAcyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2
- GeneAwat2
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids333 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of ester bonds between fatty alcohols and fatty acyl-CoAs to form wax monoesters (PubMed:15220349).
Shows a preference for medium chain acyl-CoAs from C12 to C16 in length and fatty alcohols shorter than C20, as the acyl donor and acceptor, respectively (PubMed:15220349).
Also possesses fatty acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) activity that preferentially esterifies 11-cis-retinol, a chromophore precursor of bleached opsin pigments in cone cells (PubMed:28096191).
Shows higher catalytic efficiency toward 11-cis-retinol versus 9-cis-retinol, 13- cis-retinol and all-trans-retinol substrates
Shows a preference for medium chain acyl-CoAs from C12 to C16 in length and fatty alcohols shorter than C20, as the acyl donor and acceptor, respectively (PubMed:15220349).
Also possesses fatty acyl-CoA retinol acyltransferase (ARAT) activity that preferentially esterifies 11-cis-retinol, a chromophore precursor of bleached opsin pigments in cone cells (PubMed:28096191).
Shows higher catalytic efficiency toward 11-cis-retinol versus 9-cis-retinol, 13- cis-retinol and all-trans-retinol substrates
Catalytic activity
- a fatty acyl-CoA + a long chain fatty alcohol = a wax ester + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 9-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl ester + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 11-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl ester + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 13-cis-retinol + a fatty acyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl ester + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- a 1-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 1-O-alkylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = 1-O-alkyl-3-acylglycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-di-(9Z)-octadecenoyl-3-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- hexadecan-1-ol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = CoA + hexadecanyl hexadecanoateThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- hexadecane-1,2-diol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyhexadecyl hexadecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycerol = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + hexadecan-1-ol = CoA + hexadecanyl (9Z)-octadecenoateThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-hexadecen-1-ol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-O-(9Z)-hexadecenyl (9Z)-octadecenoate + CoA
- (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + octadecan-1-ol = 1-O-octadecyl (9Z)-octadecenoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol + (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA = 1-O-(9Z)-octadecenyl (9Z)-octadecenoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + hexadecan-1-ol = 1-O-hexadecyl (9Z)-hexadecenoate + CoA
- hexadecan-1-ol + octadecanoyl-CoA = CoA + hexadecanyl octadecanoateThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 11-cis-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-O-(9Z-octadecenyl)-glycerol = 1-O-(9Z-octadecyl)-3-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol = 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 11-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 11-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 9-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 9-cis-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 9-cis-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- 13-cis-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- all-trans-retinol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl tetradecanoate + CoAThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
- tetradecan-1-ol + tetradecanoyl-CoA = CoA + tetradecanyl tetradecanoateThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
Activity regulation
11-cis retinoids act as allosteric modulators of acyl-CoA retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase (ARAT) activity by suppressing esterification of 9-cis, 13-cis, or all-trans retinols concurrently increasing the enzyme specificity toward 11-cis isomer.
Kinetics
KM | SUBSTRATE | pH | TEMPERATURE[C] | NOTES | EVIDENCE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
26.22 μM | 11-cis-retinol | |||||
22.25 μM | 9-cis-retinol | |||||
24.32 μM | 9-cis-retinol | in the presence of 2 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate | ||||
21.87 μM | 9-cis-retinol | in the presence of 4 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate | ||||
18.74 μM | 9-cis-retinol | in the presence of 6 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate | ||||
15.26 μM | 9-cis-retinol | in the presence of 10 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate | ||||
35.18 μM | 13-cis-retinol | |||||
23.59 μM | all-trans-retinol |
Vmax | pH | TEMPERATURE[C] | NOTES | EVIDENCE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
14.52 nmol/min/mg | for 11-cis-retinol | ||||
4.53 nmol/min/mg | for 9-cis-retinol | ||||
3.81 nmol/min/mg | for 9-cis-retinol (in the presence of 2 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate) | ||||
2.61 nmol/min/mg | for 9-cis-retinol (in the presence of 4 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate) | ||||
1.82 nmol/min/mg | for 9-cis-retinol (in the presence of 6 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate) | ||||
0.96 nmol/min/mg | for 9-cis-retinol (in the presence of 10 uM of 11-cis-retinyl palmitate) | ||||
1.06 nmol/min/mg | for 13-cis-retinol | ||||
0.66 nmol/min/mg | for all-trans-retinol |
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | |
Molecular Function | 2-acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity | |
Molecular Function | diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity | |
Molecular Function | long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase activity | |
Molecular Function | retinol O-fatty-acyltransferase activity | |
Biological Process | lipid metabolic process | |
Biological Process | monoacylglycerol biosynthetic process | |
Biological Process | wax biosynthetic process |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Chemistry
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameAcyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2
- EC number
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Mus > Mus
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ6E1M8
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein
Features
Showing features for transmembrane.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transmembrane | 15-35 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: VFALFQWALSALVIVTTVIIV | ||||||
Transmembrane | 38-58 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: YLVVFTSYWPVTVLMLTWLAF | ||||||
Transmembrane | 130-150 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: TFPGITPYMLTLGAFFWVPFL |
Keywords
- Cellular component
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000249053 | 1-333 | Acyl-CoA wax alcohol acyltransferase 2 | |||
Sequence: MFWPTKKDLKTAMEVFALFQWALSALVIVTTVIIVNLYLVVFTSYWPVTVLMLTWLAFDWKTPERGGRRFTCVRKWRLWKHYSDYFPLKMVKTKDISPDRNYILVCHPHGLMAHSCFGHFATDTTGFSKTFPGITPYMLTLGAFFWVPFLRDYVMSTGSCSVSRSSMDFLLTQKGTGNMLVVVVGGLAECRYSTPGSTTLFLKKRQGFVRTALKHGVSLIPAYAFGETDLYDQHIFTPGGFVNRFQKWFQKMVHIYPCAFYGRGLTKNSWGLLPYSQPVTTVVGEPLPLPKIENPSEEIVAKYHTLYIDALRKLFDQHKTKFGISETQELVIV |
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Structure
Sequence & Isoform
- Sequence statusComplete
This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing.
Q6E1M8-1
This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
- Name1
- Length333
- Mass (Da)38,145
- Last updated2004-08-16 v1
- ChecksumA2A2036B28F424A4
Q6E1M8-2
- Name2
- Differences from canonical
- 1-51: Missing
Features
Showing features for alternative sequence.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alternative sequence | VSP_020357 | 1-51 | in isoform 2 | |||
Sequence: Missing |
Keywords
- Coding sequence diversity
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AY611031 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAT68765.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY611032 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAT68766.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AK034920 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAC28882.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |