Q38919 · RAC4_ARATH

Function

function

Inactive GDP-bound Rho GTPases reside in the cytosol, are found in a complex with Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitors (Rho GDIs), and are released from the GDI protein in order to translocate to membranes upon activation (By similarity).
Involved in cell polarity control during the actin-dependent tip growth of root hairs, thus regulating root hair length and root hair initiation (PubMed:30770391).
Contributes, in a SPK1-dependent manner, to the prevention of cortical microtubules organization into parallel arrays oriented perpendicular to the axis of cell elongation to limit anisotropic cell growth during petal development (PubMed:31623377).
May regulate a WAVE complex that activates the Arp2/3 complex

Features

Showing features for binding site.

119520406080100120140160180
TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Binding site12-19GTP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site30-37GTP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site59-63GTP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site117-120GTP (UniProtKB | ChEBI)

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionnucleotide bindingmolecular_functionnucleic acid bindingdna bindingchromatin bindingdna-binding transcription factor activityrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitynuclease activitysignaling receptor bindingstructural molecule activitytransporter activitybindingprotein bindingtranslation factor activity, rna bindinglipid bindingkinase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activityoxygen bindingenzyme regulator activitycarbohydrate bindingsignaling receptor activitytranslation regulator activitytranscription regulator activityother molecular functionall biological processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energynucleobase-containing compound metabolic processdna metabolic processtranslationlipid metabolic processtransportresponse to stresscell cyclecell communicationsignal transductioncell-cell signalingmulticellular organism developmentcircadian rhythmbiological_processmetabolic processcatabolic processbiosynthetic processresponse to light stimulusresponse to external stimulustropismresponse to biotic stimulusresponse to abiotic stimulusresponse to endogenous stimulusembryo developmentpost-embryonic developmentfruit ripeningabscissionpollinationflower developmentcellular processprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesiscellular component organizationcell growthprotein metabolic processcellular homeostasissecondary metabolic processreproductive processcell differentiationprotein modification processgrowthepigenetic regulation of gene expressionresponse to chemicalanatomical structure developmentregulation of molecular functionother biological processall cellular componentcellular_componentextracellular regioncell wallintracellular anatomical structurenucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmnucleoluscytoplasmmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuscytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membranechloroplastplastidthylakoidmembraneexternal encapsulating structureother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentcytoplasm
Cellular Componentnucleolus
Cellular Componentnucleus
Cellular Componentplasma membrane
Molecular FunctionGTP binding
Molecular FunctionGTPase activity
Biological Processanisotropic cell growth
Biological Processcell morphogenesis
Biological Processcortical microtubule organization
Biological Processmicrotubule cytoskeleton organization
Biological Processpetal morphogenesis
Biological Processpollen tube growth
Biological Processregulation of stomatal movement
Biological Processresponse to light stimulus
Biological Processroot hair elongation
Biological Processroot hair initiation
Biological Processsmall GTPase-mediated signal transduction

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC4
  • Short names
    AtRAC4
  • Alternative names
    • GTPase protein ROP2

Gene names

    • Name
      ARAC4
    • Synonyms
      ROP2
    • ORF names
      T20H2.12
    • Ordered locus names
      At1g20090

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strains
    • cv. Columbia
    • cv. Landsberg erecta
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Viridiplantae > Streptophyta > Embryophyta > Tracheophyta > Spermatophyta > Magnoliopsida > eudicotyledons > Gunneridae > Pentapetalae > rosids > malvids > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Camelineae > Arabidopsis

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    Q38919

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Genome annotation databases

Subcellular Location

Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
; Peripheral membrane protein
Note: Associated with the membrane when activated. The localization to the plasma membrane requires YIP4A and YIP4B (PubMed:30770391).
Accumulates in a sterol-enriched, polar membrane domain during root hair initiation (PubMed:27251533).

Keywords

Phenotypes & Variants

Disruption phenotype

Fewer and shorter root hairs (PubMed:30770391).
Plants lacking both ARAC4/ROP2 and ARAC3/ROP6 exhibit long and narrow petals, as well as increased anisotropic cell expansion of petal epidermis during flower development, as a result of increased microtubule ordering in petal abaxial epidermal cells (PubMed:31623377).

Variants

We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.

The viewer provides 1 variant from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.

Go to variant viewer

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, modified residue, lipidation, propeptide.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00001989181-192Rac-like GTP-binding protein ARAC4
Modified residue192Cysteine methyl ester
Lipidation192S-geranylgeranyl cysteine
PropeptidePRO_0000227583193-195Removed in mature form

Keywords

Proteomic databases

Expression

Tissue specificity

Ubiquitous.

Developmental stage

In root trichoblasts, accumulates into patches at the basal end of the cell before a hair bulge is visible and remain concentrated at the tip of the bulge and in the growing hair.

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Subunit

Interacts with SPK1, ICR1, ICR5 and PIR.

Binary interactions

TypeEntry 1Entry 2Number of experimentsIntact
BINARY Q38919FER Q9SCZ42EBI-1548187, EBI-15880405
BINARY Q38919SPK1 Q8SAB73EBI-1548187, EBI-1547917

Protein-protein interaction databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for motif.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Motif34-42Effector region

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Sequence processing
    The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
  • Length
    195
  • Mass (Da)
    21,636
  • Last updated
    1997-11-01 v1
  • Checksum
    90899399AB7EA658
MASRFIKCVTVGDGAVGKTCMLISYTSNTFPTDYVPTVFDNFSANVVVDGNTVNLGLWDTAGQEDYNRLRPLSYRGADVFILAFSLISKASYENIAKKWIPELRHYAPGVPIILVGTKLDLRDDKQFFIDHPGAVPITTNQGEELKKLIGSAVYIECSSKTQQNVKAVFDAAIKVVLQPPKQKKKKKNKNRCAFL

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
U45236
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC49854.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
U49972
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC78391.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AF115471
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAF40243.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AC022472
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAF79903.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
CP002684
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AEE29934.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AF332438
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAG48801.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AF360154
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAK25864.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AY056308
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAL07157.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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