Q12692 · H2AZ_YEAST
- ProteinHistone H2A.Z
- GeneHTZ1
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids134 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Variant histone H2A which can replace H2A in some nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. This variant is enriched at promoters, it may keep them in a repressed state until the appropriate activation signal is received (PubMed:11000274, PubMed:11081628, PubMed:11090616, PubMed:11509669, PubMed:12628191, PubMed:14645854, PubMed:14690608, PubMed:15045029, PubMed:16239142, PubMed:16344463, PubMed:16543223).
Near telomeres, it may counteract gene silencing caused by the spread of heterochromatin proteins (PubMed:16543222).
Required for the RNA polymerase II and SPT15/TBP recruitment to the target genes (PubMed:11509669).
Involved in chromosome stability (PubMed:15353583).
Required to target MPS3 to the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope (PubMed:21518795).
Near telomeres, it may counteract gene silencing caused by the spread of heterochromatin proteins (PubMed:16543222).
Required for the RNA polymerase II and SPT15/TBP recruitment to the target genes (PubMed:11509669).
Involved in chromosome stability (PubMed:15353583).
Required to target MPS3 to the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope (PubMed:21518795).
Miscellaneous
Present with 2840 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium.
In contrast to H2A1 and H2A2, appears to be weakly or not sumoylated.
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | chromatin | |
Cellular Component | euchromatin | |
Cellular Component | nucleosome | |
Cellular Component | nucleus | |
Molecular Function | chromatin binding | |
Molecular Function | chromatin DNA binding | |
Molecular Function | identical protein binding | |
Molecular Function | nucleosomal DNA binding | |
Molecular Function | protein heterodimerization activity | |
Molecular Function | RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | |
Molecular Function | structural constituent of chromatin | |
Biological Process | chromatin organization | |
Biological Process | chromatin remodeling | |
Biological Process | heterochromatin formation | |
Biological Process | nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, non-stop decay | |
Biological Process | regulation of DNA-templated transcription | |
Biological Process | regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | |
Biological Process | silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation | |
Biological Process | transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameHistone H2A.Z
Gene names
Organism names
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Fungi > Dikarya > Ascomycota > Saccharomycotina > Saccharomycetes > Saccharomycetales > Saccharomycetaceae > Saccharomyces
Accessions
- Primary accessionQ12692
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for initiator methionine, modified residue, chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methionine | 1 | Removed | ||||
Sequence: M | ||||||
Modified residue | 2 | N-acetylserine | ||||
Sequence: S | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000055340 | 2-134 | Histone H2A.Z | |||
Sequence: SGKAHGGKGKSGAKDSGSLRSQSSSARAGLQFPVGRIKRYLKRHATGRTRVGSKAAIYLTAVLEYLTAEVLELAGNAAKDLKVKRITPRHLQLAIRGDDELDSLIRATIASGGVLPHINKALLLKVEKKGSKK | ||||||
Modified residue | 4 | N6-acetyllysine | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Modified residue | 9 | N6-acetyllysine | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Modified residue | 11 | N6-acetyllysine | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Modified residue | 15 | N6-acetyllysine | ||||
Sequence: K |
Post-translational modification
Acetylated by ESA1, a component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex, and/or by GCN5, a component of the SAGA complex, to form H2A.ZK3Ac, H2A.ZK8Ac, H2A.ZK10Ac and H2A.ZK14Ac once deposited into chromatin (PubMed:16543223).
Acetylation is required for function at telomeres (PubMed:16543222).
H2A.ZK14Ac is acetylated at the promoters of active genes (PubMed:16543223).
Acetylation is required for function at telomeres (PubMed:16543222).
H2A.ZK14Ac is acetylated at the promoters of active genes (PubMed:16543223).
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Interaction
Subunit
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers (Probable). The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2A.Z forms a heterodimer with H2B. H2A.Z associates with the VPS72/SWC2 subunit of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Interacts also with RBP1/DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit (PubMed:11509669).
Interacts with NAP1 (PubMed:14645854, PubMed:14690608, PubMed:15045029, PubMed:16299513, PubMed:18086883).
Interacts with MPS3 (PubMed:21518795).
Interacts with NAP1 (PubMed:14645854, PubMed:14690608, PubMed:15045029, PubMed:16299513, PubMed:18086883).
Interacts with MPS3 (PubMed:21518795).
Binary interactions
Type | Entry 1 | Entry 2 | Number of experiments | Intact | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BINARY | Q12692 | BDF1 P35817 | 6 | EBI-8080, EBI-3493 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | HHO1 P53551 | 3 | EBI-8080, EBI-8064 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | HTZ1 Q12692 | 3 | EBI-8080, EBI-8080 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | MPS3 P47069 | 3 | EBI-8080, EBI-25811 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | SWR1 Q05471 | 10 | EBI-8080, EBI-22102 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | VPS71 Q03433 | 7 | EBI-8080, EBI-27814 | |
BINARY | Q12692 | VPS72 Q03388 | 10 | EBI-8080, EBI-38035 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
Miscellaneous
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region, compositional bias.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 1-31 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: MSGKAHGGKGKSGAKDSGSLRSQSSSARAGL | ||||||
Compositional bias | 16-30 | Polar residues | ||||
Sequence: DSGSLRSQSSSARAG | ||||||
Region | 98-108 | Interaction with VPS72 | ||||
Sequence: GDDELDSLIRA |
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the histone H2A family.
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length134
- Mass (Da)14,283
- Last updated2007-01-23 v3
- Checksum1D8FCEE3C8A504E7
Features
Showing features for compositional bias.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compositional bias | 16-30 | Polar residues | ||||
Sequence: DSGSLRSQSSSARAG |
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Z74754 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA99011.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AY558000 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAS56326.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
BK006948 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | DAA10771.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA |