P9WEP2 · AUSX_EMENI

Function

function

Short chain dehydrogenase; part of the gene cluster A that mediates the biosynthesis of austinol and dehydroaustinol, two fungal meroterpenoids (PubMed:22329759).
The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid by the polyketide synthase ausA (PubMed:22329759).
3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid is then prenylated by the polyprenyl transferase ausN (PubMed:22329759).
Further epoxidation by the FAD-dependent monooxygenase ausM and cyclization by the probable terpene cyclase ausL lead to the formation of protoaustinoid A (PubMed:22329759).
Protoaustinoid A is then oxidized to spiro-lactone preaustinoid A3 by the combined action of the FAD-binding monooxygenases ausB and ausC, and the dioxygenase ausE (PubMed:22329759, PubMed:23865690).
Acid-catalyzed keto-rearrangement and ring contraction of the tetraketide portion of preaustinoid A3 by ausJ lead to the formation of preaustinoid A4 (PubMed:22329759).
The aldo-keto reductase ausK, with the help of ausH, is involved in the next step by transforming preaustinoid A4 into isoaustinone which is in turn hydroxylated by the P450 monooxygenase ausI to form austinolide (PubMed:22329759).
Finally, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ausG modifies austinolide to austinol (PubMed:22329759).
Austinol can be further modified to dehydroaustinol which forms a diffusible complex with diorcinol that initiates conidiation (PubMed:22234162, PubMed:22329759).
Due to genetic rearrangements of the clusters and the subsequent loss of some enzymes, the end products of the Emericella nidulans austinoid biosynthesis clusters are austinol and dehydroaustinol, even if additional enzymes, such as the O-acetyltransferase ausQ and the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ausR are still functional (PubMed:29076725).

Miscellaneous

In A.calidoustus, the austinoid gene cluster lies on a contiguous DNA region, while clusters from E.nidulans and P.brasilianum are split in their respective genomes. Genetic rearrangements provoked variability among the clusters and E.nidulans produces the least number of austionoid derivatives with the end products austinol and dehydroaustinol, while P.brasilianum can produce until acetoxydehydroaustin, and A.calidoustus produces the highest number of identified derivatives.

Pathway

Secondary metabolite biosynthesis; terpenoid biosynthesis.

Features

Showing features for binding site, active site.

Type
IDPosition(s)Description
Binding site49NADP+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site95NADP+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site157NADP+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Active site189Proton acceptor
Active site189Proton donor
Binding site189NADP+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Molecular Functionoxidoreductase activity
Biological Processterpenoid biosynthetic process

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Short chain dehydrogenase ausX
  • EC number
  • Alternative names
    • Austinoid biosynthesis cluster protein X

Gene names

    • Name
      ausX
    • ORF names
      AN12376

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P9WEP2

Proteomes

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00004538721-197Short chain dehydrogenase ausX

Structure

Family & Domains

Sequence similarities

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    197
  • Mass (Da)
    21,264
  • Last updated
    2021-09-29 v1
  • MD5 Checksum
    E02ED685F9CC883FB691574F82FC3805
MFIISQYREHRSLSILTQTCTIFRSMQVSSKHENLSVSFHLTPLQVLIITGTSSGIGLAAATMALEEGAKVLGVDISKPPDSLARHANYQFFQADLSHPEAPARVVEACSRTYGDRIDGLLNIAGVMDLNQSADSLSDNVWERCISINLTAPVKLMREVIPIMKLRGKGSIVNVASKAALSGAVSGVAYTASEHPWP

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
BN001305
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
AACD01000152
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.

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Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
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