P55028 · TYRP1_CARAU

  • Protein
    5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase
  • Gene
    tyrp1
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at transcript level
  • Annotation score
    4/5

Function

function

Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis. Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid. May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesized. Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin.

Caution

The precise function of this protein in melanin biosynthesis is still under debate. DHICA oxidase activity is controversial. The mouse protein has been shown to have DHICA oxidase activity (By similarity).
In contrast, the human protein was shown lack DHICA oxidase activity, or to have DHICA oxidase activity only in the presence of Cu2+, but not with Zn2+ (By similarity).

Catalytic activity

Cofactor

Cu2+ (UniProtKB | Rhea| CHEBI:29036 )

Zn2+ (UniProtKB | Rhea| CHEBI:29105 )

Note: Contains bound zinc ions after heterologous expression in insect cells.

Pathway

Pigment biosynthesis; melanin biosynthesis.

Features

Showing features for binding site.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Binding site182Zn2+ A (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site205Zn2+ A (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site214Zn2+ A (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site367Zn2+ B (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site371Zn2+ B (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site394Zn2+ B (UniProtKB | ChEBI)

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componentmelanosome
Cellular Componentmelanosome membrane
Molecular Functionmetal ion binding
Molecular Functionmonooxygenase activity
Biological Processmelanin biosynthetic process

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase
  • EC number
  • Short names
    DHICA oxidase
  • Alternative names
    • Tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1; TRP1)

Gene names

    • Name
      tyrp1

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Actinopterygii > Neopterygii > Teleostei > Ostariophysi > Cypriniformes > Cyprinidae > Cyprininae > Carassius

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P55028

Proteomes

Subcellular Location

Melanosome membrane
; Single-pass type I membrane protein
Note: Located to mature stage III and IV melanosomes and apposed endosomal tubular membranes. Transported to pigmented melanosomes by the BLOC-1 complex. Proper trafficking to melanosome is regulated by SGSM2, ANKRD27, RAB9A, RAB32 and RAB38.

Features

Showing features for topological domain, transmembrane.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Topological domain22-470Lumenal, melanosome
Transmembrane471-491Helical
Topological domain492-522Cytoplasmic

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for signal, chain, disulfide bond, glycosylation.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Signal1-21
ChainPRO_000003588722-5225,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase
Disulfide bond27↔38
Disulfide bond39↔59
Disulfide bond50↔89
Disulfide bond91↔100
Disulfide bond103↔112
Glycosylation164N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Glycosylation171N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Disulfide bond248↔251
Disulfide bond280↔293
Glycosylation294N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Glycosylation375N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine

Keywords

PTM databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Keywords

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Sequence processing
    The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
  • Length
    522
  • Mass (Da)
    57,519
  • Last updated
    1996-10-01 v1
  • Checksum
    D12410BF828C1D31
MLRTSCGGMLLLVHALGLVRAQFPRACVTPEGLRSAQCCPSPSALESDPCGALAGPGRCVDVRMRAHGPQYPYEGATTRALARASSRACRCNGNFGGFDCGGCAHGFTGDACEQRVPVVRRNVMQLSADEKRFFVNALDQAKRAPHPDTVIATRRYSEILGPDNSTTQFENISIYNLFVWTHYYSVSKTFLGAGQDSFGGVDFSHEGPGFLTWHRYHLLQLERDMQVMLGDPSFALPYWDFAIGGSECDICTDELMGARSSSDSSSISSNSIFSRWRVICESVEEYDTLGTICNSSESSPIRRNPAGNTARPMVQRLPEPQDVEACLELTAFDSPPFYSTSSDSFRNSIEGYSAPQGNYDPVVRSLHNLAHLFLNGTGGQTHLSPNDPIFVLLHTFTDAVFDEWLRRHASDASIYPLENTPIGHNREFNMVPFWPPVTNAEMFVTAAENLGYSYEAEWPARPLTPTQIVTVAVVAALLLVAIIFAASTCVVHLRGNRTEGRQPLLGDQYQRYEDHNKTQSVV

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
S71755
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC60750.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Similar Proteins

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