P21274 · BMP2_MOUSE

  • Protein
    Bone morphogenetic protein 2
  • Gene
    Bmp2
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at protein level
  • Annotation score
    5/5

Function

function

Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Also acts to promote expression of HAMP, via the interaction with its receptor BMPR1A/ALK3 (PubMed:31800957).
Can also signal through non-canonical pathways such as ERK/MAP kinase signaling cascade that regulates osteoblast differentiation. Also stimulates the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A-ATF4 pathway by stimulating EIF2A phosphorylation which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. Acts as a positive regulator of odontoblast differentiation during mesenchymal tooth germ formation, expression is repressed during the bell stage by MSX1-mediated inhibition of CTNNB1 signaling (PubMed:29148101).

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular ComponentBMP receptor complex
Cellular Componentcell surface
Cellular Componentextracellular region
Cellular Componentextracellular space
Cellular Componentintracellular membrane-bounded organelle
Cellular Componentplasma membrane
Cellular Componentprotein-containing complex
Cellular Componentvesicle
Molecular FunctionBMP receptor binding
Molecular Functionco-receptor binding
Molecular Functioncytokine activity
Molecular Functiongrowth factor activity
Molecular Functionidentical protein binding
Molecular Functionphosphatase activator activity
Molecular Functionprotein domain specific binding
Molecular Functionprotein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
Molecular Functionreceptor ligand activity
Biological Processameloblast differentiation
Biological Processanimal organ morphogenesis
Biological Processaortic valve development
Biological Processastrocyte differentiation
Biological Processatrioventricular canal morphogenesis
Biological Processatrioventricular valve morphogenesis
Biological ProcessBMP signaling pathway
Biological Processbone development
Biological Processbone mineralization
Biological Processbranching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
Biological Processcardiac atrium formation
Biological Processcardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition
Biological Processcardiac jelly development
Biological Processcardiac muscle cell differentiation
Biological Processcardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress
Biological Processcardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
Biological Processcardiocyte differentiation
Biological Processcell fate commitment
Biological Processcellular response to growth factor stimulus
Biological Processcellular response to organic cyclic compound
Biological Processchondrocyte differentiation
Biological Processcorticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation
Biological Processembryonic heart tube anterior/posterior pattern specification
Biological Processendocardial cushion formation
Biological Processendocardial cushion morphogenesis
Biological Processendodermal-mesodermal cell signaling
Biological Processepithelial to mesenchymal transition
Biological Processgene expression
Biological Processheart development
Biological Processheart induction
Biological Processin utero embryonic development
Biological Processinflammatory response
Biological Processinner ear development
Biological Processlung vasculature development
Biological Processmesenchymal cell differentiation
Biological Processmesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development
Biological Processmesenchyme development
Biological Processnegative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process
Biological Processnegative regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion
Biological Processnegative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
Biological Processnegative regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation
Biological Processnegative regulation of cell cycle
Biological Processnegative regulation of cell population proliferation
Biological Processnegative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process
Biological Processnegative regulation of fat cell differentiation
Biological Processnegative regulation of gene expression
Biological Processnegative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processnegative regulation of muscle cell differentiation
Biological Processnegative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
Biological Processnegative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
Biological Processnegative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway
Biological ProcessNotch signaling pathway
Biological Processodontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth
Biological Processosteoblast differentiation
Biological Processosteoclast differentiation
Biological Processpericardium development
Biological Processpositive regulation of apoptotic process
Biological Processpositive regulation of astrocyte differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of bone mineralization
Biological Processpositive regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation
Biological Processpositive regulation of cartilage development
Biological Processpositive regulation of cell migration
Biological Processpositive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
Biological Processpositive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
Biological Processpositive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion
Biological Processpositive regulation of fat cell differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of gene expression
Biological Processpositive regulation of miRNA transcription
Biological Processpositive regulation of neurogenesis
Biological Processpositive regulation of neuron differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of odontoblast differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of odontogenesis
Biological Processpositive regulation of ossification
Biological Processpositive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
Biological Processpositive regulation of osteoblast proliferation
Biological Processpositive regulation of p38MAPK cascade
Biological Processpositive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processpositive regulation of protein phosphorylation
Biological Processpositive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction
Biological Processpositive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
Biological Processpositive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway
Biological Processprotein destabilization
Biological Processproteoglycan metabolic process
Biological Processregulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth
Biological Processresponse to bacterium
Biological Processresponse to hypoxia
Biological Processtelencephalon development
Biological Processtelencephalon regionalization
Biological Processthyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting cell differentiation
Biological Processtranscription by RNA polymerase II
Biological Processtransforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Bone morphogenetic protein 2
  • Short names
    BMP-2
  • Alternative names
    • Bone morphogenetic protein 2A (BMP-2A)

Gene names

    • Name
      Bmp2
    • Synonyms
      Bmp-2

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strain
    • C57BL/6J
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Mus > Mus

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P21274
  • Secondary accessions
    • Q497W8

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Phenotypes & Variants

Disruption phenotype

Heterozygous BMP2-knockout mice show abnormal numbers of rib pairs, a reduction in overall body length, and less bone mineral content and volume than wild-type mice. Homozygous BMP2-knockout mice die before embryonic day 12.5.

Variants

We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.

The viewer provides 8 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.

Go to variant viewer

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for signal, propeptide, modified residue, glycosylation, chain, disulfide bond.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Signal1-19
PropeptidePRO_000003382620-280Cleaved by PCSK5
Modified residue86Phosphoserine
Glycosylation134N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Glycosylation162N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Glycosylation198N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
ChainPRO_0000033827281-394Bone morphogenetic protein 2
Disulfide bond294↔359
Disulfide bond323↔391
Disulfide bond327↔393
Glycosylation336N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Disulfide bond358Interchain

Keywords

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

Expression

Developmental stage

Expressed in early bell stage dental mesenchymal cells at 15.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:24028588).
Expressed in bell stage dental mesenchymal cells at 17.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:29148101).

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Subunit

Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with SOSTDC1 (By similarity).
Interacts with GREM2, RGMA, RGMB and RGMC. Interacts with ASPN (By similarity).
Interacts with MAFP5 (By similarity).
Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) and FBN2. Interacts with type I receptor BMPR1A. Interacts with type II receptor BMPR2 (By similarity).
Interacts with SCUBE3 (By similarity).
Interacts with TNFAIP6 (primarily via Link domain); this interaction is inhibited by hyaluronan. Interacts with ERFE (PubMed:31800957).
Interacts with BMPR1A/ALK3; the interaction may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957).
Forms heterodimers with BMP6 in vitro; the heterodimer then binds to its receptor BMPR1A /ALK3 and may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957).

Protein-protein interaction databases

Miscellaneous

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region269-291Disordered
Compositional bias273-291Basic residues

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Sequence processing
    The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
  • Length
    394
  • Mass (Da)
    44,525
  • Last updated
    2011-07-27 v3
  • Checksum
    D0C03B63B1D5C4E2
MVAGTRCLLVLLLPQVLLGGAAGLIPELGRKKFAAASSRPLSRPSEDVLSEFELRLLSMFGLKQRPTPSKDVVVPPYMLDLYRRHSGQPGAPAPDHRLERAASRANTVRSFHHEEAVEELPEMSGKTARRFFFNLSSVPSDEFLTSAELQIFREQIQEALGNSSFQHRINIYEIIKPAAANLKFPVTRLLDTRLVNQNTSQWESFDVTPAVMRWTTQGHTNHGFVVEVAHLEENPGVSKRHVRISRSLHQDEHSWSQIRPLLVTFGHDGKGHPLHKREKRQAKHKQRKRLKSSCKRHPLYVDFSDVGWNDWIVAPPGYHAFYCHGECPFPLADHLNSTNHAIVQTLVNSVNSKIPKACCVPTELSAISMLYLDENEKVVLKNYQDMVVEGCGCR

Features

Showing features for sequence conflict, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Sequence conflict110in Ref. 1; AAB05665
Sequence conflict113-114in Ref. 1; AAB05665
Sequence conflict271in Ref. 6; no nucleotide entry
Compositional bias273-291Basic residues

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
L25602
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAB05665.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AK133923
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAE21928.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AK161862
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAE36612.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AL831753
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
CH466519
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
EDL28371.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
BC100344
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI00345.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
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