P10861 · UCP1_BOVIN

  • Protein
    Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1
  • Gene
    UCP1
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at transcript level
  • Annotation score
    5/5

Function

function

Mitochondrial protein responsible for thermogenic respiration, a specialized capacity of brown adipose tissue and beige fat that participates in non-shivering adaptive thermogenesis to temperature and diet variations and more generally to the regulation of energy balance. Functions as a long-chain fatty acid/LCFA and proton symporter, simultaneously transporting one LCFA and one proton through the inner mitochondrial membrane. However, LCFAs remaining associated with the transporter via their hydrophobic tails, it results in an apparent transport of protons activated by LCFAs. Thereby, dissipates the mitochondrial proton gradient and converts the energy of substrate oxydation into heat instead of ATP. Regulates the production of reactive oxygen species/ROS by mitochondria.

Catalytic activity

Activity regulation

Has no constitutive proton transporter activity and has to be activated by long-chain fatty acids/LCFAs. Inhibited by purine nucleotides. Both purine nucleotides and LCFAs bind the cytosolic side of the transporter and directly compete to activate or inhibit it. Activated by noradrenaline and reactive oxygen species. Despite lacking canonical translational encoding for selenocysteine, a small pool of the protein has been observed to selectively incorporate selenocysteine at 'Cys-256'. Selenocysteine-modified protein is highly sensitive to redox modification and may constitute a pool of protein highly sensitive to activation by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Features

Showing features for binding site.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Binding site60fatty acid 16:0 (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site271fatty acid 16:0 (UniProtKB | ChEBI)

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componentmitochondrial inner membrane
Molecular Functioncardiolipin binding
Molecular Functionlong-chain fatty acid binding
Molecular Functionoxidative phosphorylation uncoupler activity
Molecular Functionpurine ribonucleotide binding
Biological Processadaptive thermogenesis
Biological Processcellular response to fatty acid
Biological Processcellular response to hormone stimulus
Biological Processcellular response to reactive oxygen species
Biological Processmitochondrial transmembrane transport
Biological Processproton transmembrane transport
Biological Processregulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process
Biological Processresponse to cold
Biological Processresponse to nutrient levels
Biological Processresponse to temperature stimulus

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1
  • Short names
    UCP 1
  • Alternative names
    • Solute carrier family 25 member 7
    • Thermogenin

Gene names

    • Name
      UCP1
    • Synonyms
      SLC25A7
      , UCP

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strains
    • Hereford
    • Friesian
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Laurasiatheria > Artiodactyla > Ruminantia > Pecora > Bovidae > Bovinae > Bos

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P10861
  • Secondary accessions
    • F1MTU3

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Features

Showing features for topological domain, transmembrane.

Type
IDPosition(s)Description
Topological domain2-10Mitochondrial intermembrane
Transmembrane11-32Helical; Name=1
Topological domain33-77Mitochondrial matrix
Transmembrane78-100Helical; Name=2
Topological domain101-118Mitochondrial intermembrane
Transmembrane119-135Helical; Name=3
Topological domain136-180Mitochondrial matrix
Transmembrane181-197Helical; Name=4
Topological domain198-214Mitochondrial intermembrane
Transmembrane215-234Helical; Name=5
Topological domain235-268Mitochondrial matrix
Transmembrane269-291Helical; Name=6
Topological domain292-309Mitochondrial intermembrane

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, modified residue.

Type
IDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00000906541-309Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1
Modified residue256Cysteine sulfenic acid (-SOH)

Post-translational modification

May undergo sulfenylation upon cold exposure. May increase the sensitivity of UCP1 thermogenic function to the activation by noradrenaline probably through structural effects.
May undergo ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation.

Keywords

Proteomic databases

Expression

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Subunit

Most probably functions as a monomer. Binds one purine nucleotide per monomer. However, has also been suggested to function as a homodimer or a homotetramer. Tightly associates with cardiolipin in the mitochondrion inner membrane; may stabilize and regulate its activity.

Protein-protein interaction databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for repeat.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Repeat11-106Solcar 1
Repeat113-203Solcar 2
Repeat212-297Solcar 3

Sequence similarities

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    309
  • Mass (Da)
    33,360
  • Last updated
    2016-11-02 v3
  • MD5 Checksum
    BAB4BE70A5D7067EB374A3D95B6AE9E4
MVGHTESDVPPTMAVKIFSAGVAACVADIITFPLDTAKVRLQVGSAIQGECLISSAIRYKGVLGTIITLAKTEGPVKLYSGLPAGLQRQISFASLRIGLYDTVQEFFTTGKEASLGSKISAGLMTGGVAVFIGQPTEVVKVRLQAQSHLHGPKPRYTGTYNAYRIIATTEGLTGLWKGTTPNLTRNVIINCTELVTYDLMKEALVKNKLLADDVPCHFVSAVVAGFCTTVLSSPVDVVKTRFVNSSPGQYTSVPNCAMMMLTREGPSAFFKGFVPSFLRLGSWNIIMFVCFEQLKQELMKSRHTMDCAT

Features

Showing features for sequence conflict.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Sequence conflict43-46in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict92in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict180in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict185in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict250in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict285in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict293in Ref. 2; CAA32227
Sequence conflict301in Ref. 2; CAA32227

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
DAAA02044420
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
DAAA02044421
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
X14064
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
CAA32227.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

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