P10090 · WHITE_DROME
- ProteinProtein white
- Genew
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids687 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family which transports various molecules including bioamines, neurotransmitters, metabolic intermediates and second messengers (PubMed:10407069, PubMed:117796, PubMed:18310115, PubMed:18931318, PubMed:33820991, PubMed:6788034, PubMed:812484). In the eye, required for the transport of the eye red and brown pigment precursors, guanine and tryptophan, into pigment cell granules (PubMed:10407069, PubMed:8144619).
Probably in association with bw/brown, involved in the transport of guanine (PubMed:117796). Probably in association with st/scarlet involved in the transport of kynurenine and probably tryptophan (PubMed:812484). Involved in the transport of kynurenine in pupal eyes (PubMed:812484). May play a role in histamine uptake by the lamina epithelial glia which surrounds photoreceptors R1-R6 (PubMed:18931318).
In Malpighian tubules, involved in the transport of cGMP, guanine, xanthine, riboflavin, kynurenine and tryptophan (PubMed:117796, PubMed:18310115, PubMed:6788034, PubMed:812484). Probably in association with br/brown, involved in aging-induced intestinal stem cell proliferation in the midgut by regulating tetrahydrofolate transport (PubMed:33820991).
Probably in association with st/scarlet, plays a role in zinc storage granule biogenesis in Malpighian tubule principal epithelial cells (PubMed:29367274).
Probably in association with bw/brown, involved in the transport of guanine (PubMed:117796). Probably in association with st/scarlet involved in the transport of kynurenine and probably tryptophan (PubMed:812484). Involved in the transport of kynurenine in pupal eyes (PubMed:812484). May play a role in histamine uptake by the lamina epithelial glia which surrounds photoreceptors R1-R6 (PubMed:18931318).
In Malpighian tubules, involved in the transport of cGMP, guanine, xanthine, riboflavin, kynurenine and tryptophan (PubMed:117796, PubMed:18310115, PubMed:6788034, PubMed:812484). Probably in association with br/brown, involved in aging-induced intestinal stem cell proliferation in the midgut by regulating tetrahydrofolate transport (PubMed:33820991).
Probably in association with st/scarlet, plays a role in zinc storage granule biogenesis in Malpighian tubule principal epithelial cells (PubMed:29367274).
Catalytic activity
- 3',5'-cyclic GMP(in) + ATP + H2O = 3',5'-cyclic GMP(out) + ADP + H+ + phosphate3',5'-cyclic GMP (in)CHEBI:57746
+ CHEBI:30616 + CHEBI:15377 = 3',5'-cyclic GMP (out)CHEBI:57746+ CHEBI:456216 + CHEBI:15378 + CHEBI:43474 - ATP + H2O + riboflavin(in) = ADP + H+ + phosphate + riboflavin(out)
- (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate(out) + ATP + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate(in) + ADP + H+ + phosphate
- ATP + H2O + L-tryptophan(out) = ADP + H+ + L-tryptophan(in) + phosphate
- ATP + H2O + L-kynurenine(out) = ADP + H+ + L-kynurenine(in) + phosphate
- ATP + H2O + xanthine(out) = ADP + H+ + phosphate + xanthine(in)
Features
Showing features for binding site.
GO annotations
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
- Ligand
Enzyme and pathway databases
Protein family/group databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameProtein white
- EC number
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Strains
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Ecdysozoa > Arthropoda > Hexapoda > Insecta > Pterygota > Neoptera > Endopterygota > Diptera > Brachycera > Muscomorpha > Ephydroidea > Drosophilidae > Drosophila > Sophophora
Accessions
- Primary accessionP10090
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane ; Multi-pass membrane protein
Note: Co-localizes with st/scarlet to pigment granules within pigment cells and retinula cells of the compound eye.
Features
Showing features for topological domain, transmembrane.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Topological domain | 1-419 | Cytoplasmic | ||||
Sequence: MGQEDQELLIRGGSKHPSAEHLNNGDSGAASQSCINQGFGQAKNYGTLLPPSPPEDSGSGSGQLAENLTYAWHNMDIFGAVNQPGSGWRQLVNRTRGLFCNERHIPAPRKHLLKNVCGVAYPGELLAVMGSSGAGKTTLLNALAFRSPQGIQVSPSGMRLLNGQPVDAKEMQARCAYVQQDDLFIGSLTAREHLIFQAMVRMPRHLTYRQRVARVDQVIQELSLSKCQHTIIGVPGRVKGLSGGERKRLAFASEALTDPPLLICDEPTSGLDSFTAHSVVQVLKKLSQKGKTVILTIHQPSSELFELFDKILLMAEGRVAFLGTPSEAVDFFSYVGAQCPTNYNPADFYVQVLAVVPGREIESRDRIAKICDNFAISKVARDMEQLLATKNLEKPLEQPENGYTYKATWFMQFRAVLWR | ||||||
Transmembrane | 420-440 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: SWLSVLKEPLLVKVRLIQTTM | ||||||
Topological domain | 441-460 | Extracellular | ||||
Sequence: VAILIGLIFLGQQLTQVGVM | ||||||
Transmembrane | 461-481 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: NINGAIFLFLTNMTFQNVFAT | ||||||
Topological domain | 482-497 | Cytoplasmic | ||||
Sequence: INVFTSELPVFMREAR | ||||||
Transmembrane | 498-518 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: SRLYRCDTYFLGKTIAELPLF | ||||||
Topological domain | 519-531 | Extracellular | ||||
Sequence: LTVPLVFTAIAYP | ||||||
Transmembrane | 532-552 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: MIGLRAGVLHFFNCLALVTLV | ||||||
Topological domain | 553-568 | Cytoplasmic | ||||
Sequence: ANVSTSFGYLISCASS | ||||||
Transmembrane | 569-589 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: STSMALSVGPPVIIPFLLFGG | ||||||
Topological domain | 590-644 | Extracellular | ||||
Sequence: FFLNSGSVPVYLKWLSYLSWFRYANEGLLINQWADVEPGEISCTSSNTTCPSSGK | ||||||
Transmembrane | 645-665 | Helical | ||||
Sequence: VILETLNFSAADLPLDYVGLA | ||||||
Topological domain | 666-675 | Cytoplasmic | ||||
Sequence: ILIVSFRVLA |
Keywords
- Cellular component
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Eyes are white due to a defect in color pigment production (PubMed:18310115, PubMed:33820991).
Malpighian tubules appear clear or white (PubMed:18310115, PubMed:29367274).
Loss of st/scarlet protein in the pigment cells and retinula cells of the compound eye (PubMed:11294610).
Transport of cGMP, but not cAMP, is inhibited in Malpighian tubules; however, basal fluid transport rates or rates stimulated by cGMP in the tubules are normal (PubMed:18310115).
In Malpighian tubules, uptake of guanine, xanthine and riboflavin is impaired while uptake of hypoxanthine, guanosine and adenine is not affected (PubMed:117796). In Malpighian tubules, kynurenine and tryptophan uptake is impaired; however, incorporation of tryptophan into proteins is not affected (PubMed:6788034, PubMed:812484). In pupal eyes, kynurenine uptake is impaired (PubMed:812484). In the head, 50% reduction in histamine levels, 60% reduction in dopamine levels and 32% reduction in serotonin (5-HT) levels (PubMed:18931318).
Specifically, histamine levels are reduced in the retina, the retina lamina and the central brain (PubMed:18931318).
In addition, in lamina photoreceptor terminals R1-R6, numbers of synaptic vesicles and capitate projections, which are sites of endocytosis of vesicle membrane, are reduced (PubMed:18931318).
In young and old flies, reduces the levels of several metabolites, including tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, guanosine, xanthine, riboflavin and tetrahydrofolate, and increases the levels of guanine (PubMed:33820991).
Inhibits aging-induced intestinal stem cell proliferation (PubMed:33820991).
3-fold reduction in Malpighian tubule zinc stores (PubMed:29367274).
Severe reduction of copulation success and reduced courting activities in males (PubMed:28794482).
RNAi-mediated knockdown in central nervous system causes a delay in locomotor recovery from anoxia with no effect on eye pigmentation (PubMed:27029736).
RNAi-mediated knockdown in serotonergic neurons, causes a delay in locomotor recovery from anoxia (PubMed:27029736).
Malpighian tubules appear clear or white (PubMed:18310115, PubMed:29367274).
Loss of st/scarlet protein in the pigment cells and retinula cells of the compound eye (PubMed:11294610).
Transport of cGMP, but not cAMP, is inhibited in Malpighian tubules; however, basal fluid transport rates or rates stimulated by cGMP in the tubules are normal (PubMed:18310115).
In Malpighian tubules, uptake of guanine, xanthine and riboflavin is impaired while uptake of hypoxanthine, guanosine and adenine is not affected (PubMed:117796). In Malpighian tubules, kynurenine and tryptophan uptake is impaired; however, incorporation of tryptophan into proteins is not affected (PubMed:6788034, PubMed:812484). In pupal eyes, kynurenine uptake is impaired (PubMed:812484). In the head, 50% reduction in histamine levels, 60% reduction in dopamine levels and 32% reduction in serotonin (5-HT) levels (PubMed:18931318).
Specifically, histamine levels are reduced in the retina, the retina lamina and the central brain (PubMed:18931318).
In addition, in lamina photoreceptor terminals R1-R6, numbers of synaptic vesicles and capitate projections, which are sites of endocytosis of vesicle membrane, are reduced (PubMed:18931318).
In young and old flies, reduces the levels of several metabolites, including tryptophan, kynurenine, kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, guanosine, xanthine, riboflavin and tetrahydrofolate, and increases the levels of guanine (PubMed:33820991).
Inhibits aging-induced intestinal stem cell proliferation (PubMed:33820991).
3-fold reduction in Malpighian tubule zinc stores (PubMed:29367274).
Severe reduction of copulation success and reduced courting activities in males (PubMed:28794482).
RNAi-mediated knockdown in central nervous system causes a delay in locomotor recovery from anoxia with no effect on eye pigmentation (PubMed:27029736).
RNAi-mediated knockdown in serotonergic neurons, causes a delay in locomotor recovery from anoxia (PubMed:27029736).
Features
Showing features for mutagenesis.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesis | 49 | In cf; 70% decrease in drosopterin (eye red pigment) levels, 36% decrease in xanthommatin (eye brown pigment) levels and severe defect of copulation success; when associated with E-589. | ||||
Sequence: L → R | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 298 | In crr; 89% decrease in drosopterin (eye red pigment) levels and 81% decrease in xanthommatin (eye brown pigment) levels. | ||||
Sequence: H → N | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 509 | In Et87; 98% decrease in drosopterin (eye red pigment) levels and undetectable levels of xanthommatin (eye brown pigment). | ||||
Sequence: G → D | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 581 | In Bwx; eyes are brown due to a reduction in red pigment production. | ||||
Sequence: Missing | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 588 | In co2; normal eye color. Eyes are brown due to a reduction in red pigment production in a bw/brown 6 or T50 mutant background. | ||||
Sequence: G → S | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 589 | In cf; 70% decrease in drosopterin (eye red pigment) levels, 36% decrease in xanthommatin (eye brown pigment) levels and severe defect of copulation success; when associated with R-49. | ||||
Sequence: G → E | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 590 | In sat; 96% decrease in drosopterin (eye red pigment) levels and 21% decrease in xanthommatin (eye brown pigment) levels. | ||||
Sequence: F → G |
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain, glycosylation.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000093382 | 1-687 | Protein white | |||
Sequence: MGQEDQELLIRGGSKHPSAEHLNNGDSGAASQSCINQGFGQAKNYGTLLPPSPPEDSGSGSGQLAENLTYAWHNMDIFGAVNQPGSGWRQLVNRTRGLFCNERHIPAPRKHLLKNVCGVAYPGELLAVMGSSGAGKTTLLNALAFRSPQGIQVSPSGMRLLNGQPVDAKEMQARCAYVQQDDLFIGSLTAREHLIFQAMVRMPRHLTYRQRVARVDQVIQELSLSKCQHTIIGVPGRVKGLSGGERKRLAFASEALTDPPLLICDEPTSGLDSFTAHSVVQVLKKLSQKGKTVILTIHQPSSELFELFDKILLMAEGRVAFLGTPSEAVDFFSYVGAQCPTNYNPADFYVQVLAVVPGREIESRDRIAKICDNFAISKVARDMEQLLATKNLEKPLEQPENGYTYKATWFMQFRAVLWRSWLSVLKEPLLVKVRLIQTTMVAILIGLIFLGQQLTQVGVMNINGAIFLFLTNMTFQNVFATINVFTSELPVFMREARSRLYRCDTYFLGKTIAELPLFLTVPLVFTAIAYPMIGLRAGVLHFFNCLALVTLVANVSTSFGYLISCASSSTSMALSVGPPVIIPFLLFGGFFLNSGSVPVYLKWLSYLSWFRYANEGLLINQWADVEPGEISCTSSNTTCPSSGKVILETLNFSAADLPLDYVGLAILIVSFRVLAYLALRLRARRKE | ||||||
Glycosylation | 636 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine | ||||
Sequence: N |
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Expressed in the head (at protein level) (PubMed:11294610).
Expressed in the eye, specifically in retina primary pigment cells, in the basement membrane of the base of secondary and tertiary pigment cells, and in retinula cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11294610, PubMed:18931318).
Expressed in the retina underlying lamina in the epithelial glia that surrounds the array of lamina cartridges (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Weakly expressed in photoreceptors, specifically in terminals of R1-R6, R7 and R8 (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Expressed at very low levels in medulla and central brain (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Expressed in principal cells of the Malpighian tubules (PubMed:33820991).
Expressed in the eye, specifically in retina primary pigment cells, in the basement membrane of the base of secondary and tertiary pigment cells, and in retinula cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11294610, PubMed:18931318).
Expressed in the retina underlying lamina in the epithelial glia that surrounds the array of lamina cartridges (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Weakly expressed in photoreceptors, specifically in terminals of R1-R6, R7 and R8 (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Expressed at very low levels in medulla and central brain (at protein level) (PubMed:18931318).
Expressed in principal cells of the Malpighian tubules (PubMed:33820991).
Induction
Up-regulated during aging in intestinal stem cells.
Gene expression databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region, domain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 1-30 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: MGQEDQELLIRGGSKHPSAEHLNNGDSGAA | ||||||
Domain | 93-341 | ABC transporter | ||||
Sequence: NRTRGLFCNERHIPAPRKHLLKNVCGVAYPGELLAVMGSSGAGKTTLLNALAFRSPQGIQVSPSGMRLLNGQPVDAKEMQARCAYVQQDDLFIGSLTAREHLIFQAMVRMPRHLTYRQRVARVDQVIQELSLSKCQHTIIGVPGRVKGLSGGERKRLAFASEALTDPPLLICDEPTSGLDSFTAHSVVQVLKKLSQKGKTVILTIHQPSSELFELFDKILLMAEGRVAFLGTPSEAVDFFSYVGAQCPT |
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily.
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length687
- Mass (Da)75,673
- Last updated1991-11-01 v2
- Checksum24AFAD799DE0D396
Features
Showing features for sequence conflict.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflict | 25-29 | in Ref. 4; BAA78210 | ||||
Sequence: GDSGA → LIFEIPYHCRVTAD | ||||||
Sequence conflict | 49 | in Ref. 5; AAF45826 and 7; CAB65847 | ||||
Sequence: L → R | ||||||
Sequence conflict | 335-371 | in Ref. 4; BAA78210 | ||||
Sequence: VGAQCPTNYNPADFYVQVLAVVPGREIESRDRIAKIC → ITLHLNSYPAWVPSVLPTTIRRTFTYRCWPLCPDGRSSPVIGSPRYG | ||||||
Sequence conflict | 616 | in Ref. 2; CAA26716 | ||||
Sequence: G → A |
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
X51749 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA36038.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
X02974 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA26716.2 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AB028139 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAA78210.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AE014298 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAF45826.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AL133506 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAB65847.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
X76202 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA53795.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA |