P03135 · CAPSD_AAV2S

Function

function

Capsid protein self-assembles to form an icosahedral capsid with a T=1 symmetry, about 22 nm in diameter, and consisting of 60 copies of three size variants of the capsid protein VP1, VP2 and VP3 which differ in their N-terminus. The capsid encapsulates the genomic ssDNA. Binds to host cell heparan sulfate and uses host ITGA5-ITGB1 as coreceptor on the cell surface to provide virion attachment to target cell. This attachment induces virion internalization predominantly through clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Binding to the host receptor also induces capsid rearrangements leading to surface exposure of VP1 N-terminus, specifically its phospholipase A2-like region and putative nuclear localization signal(s). VP1 N-terminus might serve as a lipolytic enzyme to breach the endosomal membrane during entry into host cell and might contribute to virus transport to the nucleus.

Miscellaneous

The ratio at which VP1, VP2 and VP3 proteins are synthesized in vivo is about 1:1:10, which is the same as in the mature virus particle.

Biotechnology

AAV capsids serve as viral gene transfer vectors that have been shown to affect long-term gene expression and disease correction with low toxicity in animal models, and are well tolerated in human clinical trials.

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componenthost cell nucleolus
Cellular ComponentT=1 icosahedral viral capsid
Molecular Functionstructural molecule activity
Biological Processclathrin-dependent endocytosis of virus by host cell
Biological Processsymbiont entry into host cell via permeabilization of host membrane
Biological Processvirion attachment to host cell

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Capsid protein VP1

Gene names

    • Name
      VP1

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P03135
  • Secondary accessions
    • O56652
    • O56653
    • O92917

Proteomes

Subcellular Location

Virion
Note: Capsid proteins are first observed in the host nucleolus where capsid assembly may occur, and then are present over the whole nucleoplasm where encapsidation of the viral DNA takes place.

Keywords

Phenotypes & Variants

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00002224551-735Capsid protein VP1

Interaction

Protein-protein interaction databases

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region22-44Disordered
Region52-97Phospholipase A2-like
Region136-224Disordered
Compositional bias195-209Polar residues

Domain

The N-terminus of VP1 is sequestered within the mature capsid. It contains a phospholipase A2-like region and putative nuclear localization signals.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the parvoviridae capsid protein family.

Family and domain databases

Sequence & Isoforms

Align isoforms (3)
  • Sequence status
    Complete

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by Alternative splicing & Alternative initiation.

P03135-1

This isoform has been chosen as the canonical sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

  • Name
    VP1
  • Note
    Produced by alternative splicing (2.6 kb mRNA).
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Length
    735
  • Mass (Da)
    81,945
  • Last updated
    2011-04-05 v2
  • Checksum
    980BEEF46908390B
MAADGYLPDWLEDTLSEGIRQWWKLKPGPPPPKPAERHKDDSRGLVLPGYKYLGPFNGLDKGEPVNEADAAALEHDKAYDRQLDSGDNPYLKYNHADAEFQERLKEDTSFGGNLGRAVFQAKKRVLEPLGLVEEPVKTAPGKKRPVEHSPVEPDSSSGTGKAGQQPARKRLNFGQTGDADSVPDPQPLGQPPAAPSGLGTNTMATGSGAPMADNNEGADGVGNSSGNWHCDSTWMGDRVITTSTRTWALPTYNNHLYKQISSQSGASNDNHYFGYSTPWGYFDFNRFHCHFSPRDWQRLINNNWGFRPKRLNFKLFNIQVKEVTQNDGTTTIANNLTSTVQVFTDSEYQLPYVLGSAHQGCLPPFPADVFMVPQYGYLTLNNGSQAVGRSSFYCLEYFPSQMLRTGNNFTFSYTFEDVPFHSSYAHSQSLDRLMNPLIDQYLYYLSRTNTPSGTTTQSRLQFSQAGASDIRDQSRNWLPGPCYRQQRVSKTSADNNNSEYSWTGATKYHLNGRDSLVNPGPAMASHKDDEEKFFPQSGVLIFGKQGSEKTNVDIEKVMITDEEEIRTTNPVATEQYGSVSTNLQRGNRQAATADVNTQGVLPGMVWQDRDVYLQGPIWAKIPHTDGHFHPSPLMGGFGLKHPPPQILIKNTPVPANPSTTFSAAKFASFITQYSTGQVSVEIEWELQKENSKRWNPEIQYTSNYNKSVNVDFTVDTNGVYSEPRPIGTRYLTRNL

P03135-2

  • Name
    VP2
  • Note
    Produced by alternative splicing (2.3 kb mRNA), with initiatory methionine encoded by an ACG codon.
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical

P03135-3

  • Name
    VP3
  • Note
    Produced by alternative initiation of the 2.3 kb mRNA.
  • See also
    sequence in UniParc or sequence clusters in UniRef
  • Differences from canonical

Sequence caution

The sequence AAA42376.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift

Features

Showing features for alternative sequence, compositional bias, sequence conflict.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Alternative sequenceVSP_0408291-137in isoform VP2
Alternative sequenceVSP_0408281-202in isoform VP3
Alternative sequenceVSP_040830138in isoform VP2
Compositional bias195-209Polar residues
Sequence conflict520-521in Ref. 3; AAA42376
Sequence conflict553in Ref. 3; AAA42376
Sequence conflict566in Ref. 3; AAA42376

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
J01901
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAA42376.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA Frameshift
AF043303
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC03779.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AF043303
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC03780.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
AF043303
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAC03778.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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