P02639 · S10A1_BOVIN
- ProteinProtein S100-A1
- GeneS100A1
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Small calcium binding protein that plays important roles in several biological processes such as Ca2+ homeostasis, chondrocyte biology and cardiomyocyte regulation. In response to an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels, binds calcium which triggers conformational changes. These changes allow interactions with specific target proteins and modulate their activity. Regulates a network in cardiomyocytes controlling sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling and mitochondrial function through interaction with the ryanodine receptors RYR1 and RYR2, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase/ATP2A2 and mitochondrial F1-ATPase. Facilitates diastolic Ca2+ dissociation and myofilament mechanics in order to improve relaxation during diastole.
Miscellaneous
Able to bind zinc in vitro; the binding sites are different from the calcium binding sites. The physiological relevance of zinc binding is unclear. Physiological concentrations of potassium antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting the high-affinity calcium-binding sites.
Features
Showing features for binding site.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Binding site | 28 | Ca2+ 1 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); low affinity | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Binding site | 33 | Ca2+ 1 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); low affinity | ||||
Sequence: E | ||||||
Binding site | 63 | Ca2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); high affinity | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 65 | Ca2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); high affinity | ||||
Sequence: N | ||||||
Binding site | 67 | Ca2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); high affinity | ||||
Sequence: D | ||||||
Binding site | 69 | Ca2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); high affinity | ||||
Sequence: E | ||||||
Binding site | 74 | Ca2+ 2 (UniProtKB | ChEBI); high affinity | ||||
Sequence: E |
GO annotations
all annotations | all molecular function | virus receptor activity | dna binding | rna binding | cytoskeletal motor activity | catalytic activity | gtpase activity | structural molecule activity | transporter activity | cytoskeletal protein binding | lipid binding | cyclase activity | antioxidant activity | oxidoreductase activity | transferase activity | hydrolase activity | lyase activity | isomerase activity | ligase activity | protein tag activity | cargo receptor activity | histone binding | protein folding chaperone | translation regulator activity | nutrient reservoir activity | receptor ligand activity | molecular transducer activity | molecular adaptor activity | toxin activity | cell adhesion mediator activity | molecular function regulator activity | virus coreceptor activity | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | catalytic activity, acting on dna | catalytic activity, acting on rna | molecular carrier activity | transcription regulator activity | general transcription initiation factor activity | molecular sensor activity | molecular sequestering activity | atp-dependent activity | other molecular function | all biological process | mitotic cell cycle | cytokinesis | cytoplasmic translation | immune system process | muscle system process | circulatory system process | renal system process | respiratory system process | carbohydrate metabolic process | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | dna replication | dna repair | dna recombination | chromatin organization | dna-templated transcription | regulation of dna-templated transcription | trna metabolic process | protein folding | protein glycosylation | amino acid metabolic process | modified amino acid metabolic process | lipid metabolic process | vitamin metabolic process | sulfur compound metabolic process | intracellular protein transport | nucleocytoplasmic transport | autophagy | inflammatory response | mitochondrion organization | cytoskeleton organization | microtubule-based movement | peroxisome organization | lysosome organization | chromosome segregation | cell adhesion | establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | programmed cell death | photosynthesis | mrna metabolic process | snrna metabolic process | vesicle-mediated transport | reproductive process | digestive system process | signaling | cell differentiation | protein catabolic process | extracellular matrix organization | regulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencing | telomere organization | cell junction organization | wound healing | ribosome biogenesis | cilium organization | anatomical structure development | cell motility | nervous system process | endocrine process | protein maturation | transmembrane transport | nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process | hepaticobiliary system process | membrane organization | protein-containing complex assembly | cell wall organization or biogenesis | nitrogen cycle metabolic process | protein localization to plasma membrane | defense response to other organism | detoxification | meiotic nuclear division | mitotic nuclear division | mitochondrial gene expression | carbohydrate derivative metabolic process | other biological process | all cellular component | nuclear chromosome | extracellular region | extracellular space | cell wall | nucleus | nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm | chromosome | nucleolus | mitochondrion | lysosome | endosome | vacuole | peroxisome | endoplasmic reticulum | golgi apparatus | lipid droplet | microtubule organizing center | cytosol | ribosome | cytoskeleton | plasma membrane | cilium | plastid | thylakoid | external encapsulating structure | extracellular matrix | cytoplasmic vesicle | organelle | other cellular component | |||
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Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | cytoplasm | |
Cellular Component | mitochondrion | |
Cellular Component | sarcoplasmic reticulum | |
Molecular Function | calcium ion binding | |
Molecular Function | calcium-dependent protein binding | |
Molecular Function | S100 protein binding | |
Biological Process | regulation of heart contraction |
Keywords
- Ligand
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameProtein S100-A1
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Laurasiatheria > Artiodactyla > Ruminantia > Pecora > Bovidae > Bovinae > Bos
Accessions
- Primary accessionP02639
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Keywords
- Cellular component
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for initiator methionine, modified residue, chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methionine | 1 | Removed | ||||
Sequence: M | ||||||
Modified residue | 2 | Blocked amino end (Gly) | ||||
Sequence: G | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000143960 | 2-94 | Protein S100-A1 | |||
Sequence: GSELETAMETLINVFHAHSGKEGDKYKLSKKELKELLQTELSGFLDAQKDADAVDKVMKELDENGDGEVDFQEYVVLVAALTVACNNFFWENS | ||||||
Modified residue | 86 | S-nitrosocysteine | ||||
Sequence: C |
Post-translational modification
Glutathionylated; glutathionylation increases affinity to calcium about 10-fold.
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
Expression
Tissue specificity
Although predominant among the water-soluble brain proteins, S100 is also found in a variety of other tissues.
Gene expression databases
Interaction
Subunit
Dimer of either two alpha chains, or two beta chains, or one alpha and one beta chain. Also forms heterodimers with S100P (By similarity).
Interacts with AGER (By similarity).
Interacts with CAPZA1 (By similarity).
Interacts with FKBP4. Interacts with RYR1 and RYR2. Interacts with CACYBP in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with PPP5C (via TPR repeats); the interaction is calcium-dependent and modulates PPP5C activity. Interacts with ATP2A2 and PLN in a Ca2+-dependent manner (By similarity).
Interacts with mitochondrial F1-ATPase subunits ATP5F1A and ATP5F1B; these interactions increase F1-ATPase activity (By similarity).
Interacts with AGER (By similarity).
Interacts with CAPZA1 (By similarity).
Interacts with FKBP4. Interacts with RYR1 and RYR2. Interacts with CACYBP in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with PPP5C (via TPR repeats); the interaction is calcium-dependent and modulates PPP5C activity. Interacts with ATP2A2 and PLN in a Ca2+-dependent manner (By similarity).
Interacts with mitochondrial F1-ATPase subunits ATP5F1A and ATP5F1B; these interactions increase F1-ATPase activity (By similarity).
Binary interactions
Type | Entry 1 | Entry 2 | Number of experiments | Intact | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
XENO | P02639 | Cacybp Q9CXW3 | 4 | EBI-6477285, EBI-767146 | |
BINARY | P02639 | FKBP4 Q9TRY0 | 2 | EBI-6477285, EBI-6477371 | |
BINARY | P02639 | HSP90AA1 Q76LV2 | 2 | EBI-6477285, EBI-6477314 | |
BINARY | P02639 | HSPA1A Q27975 | 2 | EBI-6477285, EBI-6477341 | |
BINARY | P02639 | PPID P26882 | 2 | EBI-6477285, EBI-6477155 | |
XENO | P02639 | RYR1 P11716 | 3 | EBI-6477285, EBI-6477441 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for domain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domain | 13-48 | EF-hand 1 | ||||
Sequence: INVFHAHSGKEGDKYKLSKKELKELLQTELSGFLDA | ||||||
Domain | 50-85 | EF-hand 2 | ||||
Sequence: KDADAVDKVMKELDENGDGEVDFQEYVVLVAALTVA |
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the S-100 family.
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length94
- Mass (Da)10,518
- Last updated2007-01-23 v2
- ChecksumAD5E400DB85025D2
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There is 1 potential isoform mapped to this entry
Entry | Entry name | Gene name | Length | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A0AAA9S6R6 | A0AAA9S6R6_BOVIN | S100A1 | 139 |
Features
Showing features for sequence conflict.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sequence conflict | 65 | in Ref. 3; AA sequence | ||||
Sequence: N → D |
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BC141991 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAI41992.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
BC148019 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAI48020.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |