P02291 · H2BS2_PARAN

Function

function

Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentnucleosome
Cellular Componentnucleus
Molecular FunctionDNA binding
Molecular Functionprotein heterodimerization activity
Molecular Functionstructural constituent of chromatin

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Histone H2B.2, sperm

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P02291

Subcellular Location

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for initiator methionine, chain, modified residue, glycosylation, cross-link.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Initiator methionine1Removed
ChainPRO_00000718892-144Histone H2B.2, sperm
Modified residue14Phosphoserine
Modified residue19Phosphoserine
Modified residue25Phosphoserine
Glycosylation131O-linked (GlcNAc) serine
Cross-link139Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin)

Post-translational modification

Monoubiquitination of Lys-139 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation.
Phosphorylated on SPKK motifs 3, 4 and 5; which may regulate DNA binding. Dephosphorylated during maturation of spermatids to mature sperm and rephosphorylated at fertilization (By similarity).

Keywords

Interaction

Subunit

The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region, motif, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region1-51Disordered
Motif4-7SPKK motif 1
Motif9-12SPKK motif 2
Motif14-17SPKK motif 3
Compositional bias16-51Basic residues
Motif19-22SPKK motif 4
Motif25-28SPKK motif 5

Domain

Contains 5 SPKK motifs which may interact with the minor groove of A/T-rich DNA sites. Phosphorylation of this motif may regulate DNA binding. This motif is reiterated in both termini of histone H1 and in the C-terminus of plant H2A, but its presence in the N-terminus seems to be unique to sea urchin histones H2B.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the histone H2B family.

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    144
  • Mass (Da)
    15,963
  • Last updated
    2007-01-23 v2
  • Checksum
    FA18B8158D074BDC
MPRSPAKTSPRKGSPRKGSPSRKASPKRGGKGAKRAGKGGRRRRVVKRRRRRRESYGIYIYKVLKQVHPDTGISSRAMSVMNSFVNDVFERIAGEASRLTSANRRSTVSSREIQTAVRLLLPGELAKHAVSEGTKAVTKYTTSR

Features

Showing features for compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Compositional bias16-51Basic residues

Keywords

Sequence databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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