P01579 · IFNG_HUMAN
- ProteinInterferon gamma
- GeneIFNG
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Organism
- Amino acids166 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score5/5
Function
function
Type II interferon produced by immune cells such as T-cells and NK cells that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation (PubMed:16914093, PubMed:8666937).
Primarily signals through the JAK-STAT pathway after interaction with its receptor IFNGR1 to affect gene regulation (PubMed:8349687).
Upon IFNG binding, IFNGR1 intracellular domain opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1 and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation and transcription of IFNG-regulated genes. Many of the induced genes are transcription factors such as IRF1 that are able to further drive regulation of a next wave of transcription (PubMed:16914093).
Plays a role in class I antigen presentation pathway by inducing a replacement of catalytic proteasome subunits with immunoproteasome subunits (PubMed:8666937).
In turn, increases the quantity, quality, and repertoire of peptides for class I MHC loading (PubMed:8163024).
Increases the efficiency of peptide generation also by inducing the expression of activator PA28 that associates with the proteasome and alters its proteolytic cleavage preference (PubMed:11112687).
Up-regulates as well MHC II complexes on the cell surface by promoting expression of several key molecules such as cathepsins B/CTSB, H/CTSH, and L/CTSL (PubMed:7729559).
Participates in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells during development and under homeostatic conditions by affecting their development, quiescence, and differentiation (By similarity).
Primarily signals through the JAK-STAT pathway after interaction with its receptor IFNGR1 to affect gene regulation (PubMed:8349687).
Upon IFNG binding, IFNGR1 intracellular domain opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1 and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation and transcription of IFNG-regulated genes. Many of the induced genes are transcription factors such as IRF1 that are able to further drive regulation of a next wave of transcription (PubMed:16914093).
Plays a role in class I antigen presentation pathway by inducing a replacement of catalytic proteasome subunits with immunoproteasome subunits (PubMed:8666937).
In turn, increases the quantity, quality, and repertoire of peptides for class I MHC loading (PubMed:8163024).
Increases the efficiency of peptide generation also by inducing the expression of activator PA28 that associates with the proteasome and alters its proteolytic cleavage preference (PubMed:11112687).
Up-regulates as well MHC II complexes on the cell surface by promoting expression of several key molecules such as cathepsins B/CTSB, H/CTSH, and L/CTSL (PubMed:7729559).
Participates in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells during development and under homeostatic conditions by affecting their development, quiescence, and differentiation (By similarity).
GO annotations
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameInterferon gamma
- Short namesIFN-gamma
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo
Accessions
- Primary accessionP01579
- Secondary accessions
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
Disease & Variants
Involvement in disease
Aplastic anemia (AA)
- Note
- DescriptionA form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements. It is characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia.
- See alsoMIM:609135
Immunodeficiency 69 (IMD69)
- Note
- DescriptionA form of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease, a rare condition caused by impairment of interferon-gamma mediated immunity. It is characterized by predisposition to illness caused by moderately virulent mycobacterial species, such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine, environmental non-tuberculous mycobacteria, and by the more virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Other microorganisms rarely cause severe clinical disease in individuals with susceptibility to mycobacterial infections. Clinical outcome severity depends on the degree of impairment of interferon-gamma mediated immunity. IMD69 is an autosomal recessive disorder manifesting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis during the acute infection.
- See alsoMIM:618963
Pharmaceutical
Available under the name Actimmune (Genentech). Used for reducing the frequency and severity of serious infections associated with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD).
Features
Showing features for natural variant.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural variant | VAR_004017 | 29 | ||||
Sequence: K → Q | ||||||
Natural variant | VAR_004018 | 160 | in dbSNP:rs201359065 | |||
Sequence: R → Q |
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 279 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
Organism-specific databases
Miscellaneous
Chemistry
Genetic variation databases
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for signal, modified residue, chain, glycosylation, propeptide.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal | 1-23 | |||||
Sequence: MKYTSYILAFQLCIVLGSLGCYC | ||||||
Modified residue | 24 | Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid | ||||
Sequence: Q | ||||||
Chain | PRO_0000016444 | 24-161 | Interferon gamma | |||
Sequence: QDPYVKEAENLKKYFNAGHSDVADNGTLFLGILKNWKEESDRKIMQSQIVSFYFKLFKNFKDDQSIQKSVETIKEDMNVKFFNSNKKKRDDFEKLTNYSVTDLNVQRKAIHELIQVMAELSPAAKTGKRKRSQMLFRG | ||||||
Glycosylation | 48 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine | ||||
Sequence: N | ||||||
Glycosylation | 120 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine; in dimeric form | ||||
Sequence: N | ||||||
Propeptide | PRO_0000259481 | 162-166 | ||||
Sequence: RRASQ |
Post-translational modification
Proteolytic processing produces C-terminal heterogeneity, with proteins ending alternatively at Gly-150, Met-157 or Gly-161.
Keywords
- PTM
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Interaction
Subunit
Homodimer (PubMed:1902591).
Interacts with IFNGR1 (via extracellular domain); this interaction promotes IFNGR1 dimerization (PubMed:8349687).
Interacts with IFNGR1 (via extracellular domain); this interaction promotes IFNGR1 dimerization (PubMed:8349687).
Binary interactions
Type | Entry 1 | Entry 2 | Number of experiments | Intact | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
XENO | P01579 | C4R Q66793 | 2 | EBI-1030767, EBI-15683787 | |
BINARY | P01579 | IFNGR1 P15260 | 5 | EBI-1030767, EBI-1030755 |
Protein-protein interaction databases
Chemistry
Miscellaneous
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 147-166 | Disordered | ||||
Sequence: AKTGKRKRSQMLFRGRRASQ |
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family.
Keywords
- Domain
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
- Length166
- Mass (Da)19,348
- Last updated1988-04-01 v1
- Checksum1514E8F785FD81AA
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
X13274 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA31639.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
J00219 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAB59534.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
X01992 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA26022.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
V00543 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | CAA23804.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AY255837 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAP20098.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AF375790 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAK53058.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AB451324 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAG70138.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
AB451453 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAG70267.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA | ||
CH471054 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | EAW97180.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
BC070256 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | AAH70256.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | mRNA |