O93801 · AKT2_ALTAL
- ProteinAbhydrolase domain-containing protein AKT2
- GeneAKT2
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids262 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceInferred from homology
- Annotation score3/5
Function
function
Abhydrolase domain-containing protein; part of the gene clusters that mediate the biosynthesis of the host-selective toxins (HSTs) AK-toxins responsible for Japanese pear black spot disease by the Japanese pear pathotype (PubMed:10432635, PubMed:20348386).
AK-toxins are esters of 9,10-epoxy 8-hydroxy 9-methyldecatrienoic acid (EDA) (PubMed:22846083).
On cellular level, AK-toxins affect plasma membrane of susceptible cells and cause a sudden increase in loss of K+ after a few minutes of toxin treatment (PubMed:22846083).
The acyl-CoA ligase AKT1, the hydrolase AKT2 and enoyl-CoA hydratase AKT3 are all involved in the biosynthesis of the AK-, AF- and ACT-toxin common 9,10-epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-decatrienoic acid (EDA) structural moiety (PubMed:10432635, PubMed:10975654, PubMed:22846083).
Part of the EDA biosynthesis occurs in the peroxisome since these 3 enzymes are localized in peroxisomes (PubMed:20348386).
The exact roles of the 3 enzymes, as well as of additional AK-toxin clusters enzymes, including AKT4, AKT6 and AKTS1, have still to be elucidated (PubMed:10432635, PubMed:10975654, PubMed:22846083).
The Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase AKT7 on the other side functions to limit production of EDA and AK-toxin, probably via the catalysis of a side reaction of EDA or its precursor (PubMed:24611558).
AK-toxins are esters of 9,10-epoxy 8-hydroxy 9-methyldecatrienoic acid (EDA) (PubMed:22846083).
On cellular level, AK-toxins affect plasma membrane of susceptible cells and cause a sudden increase in loss of K+ after a few minutes of toxin treatment (PubMed:22846083).
The acyl-CoA ligase AKT1, the hydrolase AKT2 and enoyl-CoA hydratase AKT3 are all involved in the biosynthesis of the AK-, AF- and ACT-toxin common 9,10-epoxy-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-decatrienoic acid (EDA) structural moiety (PubMed:10432635, PubMed:10975654, PubMed:22846083).
Part of the EDA biosynthesis occurs in the peroxisome since these 3 enzymes are localized in peroxisomes (PubMed:20348386).
The exact roles of the 3 enzymes, as well as of additional AK-toxin clusters enzymes, including AKT4, AKT6 and AKTS1, have still to be elucidated (PubMed:10432635, PubMed:10975654, PubMed:22846083).
The Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase AKT7 on the other side functions to limit production of EDA and AK-toxin, probably via the catalysis of a side reaction of EDA or its precursor (PubMed:24611558).
Miscellaneous
Gene clusters encoding host-selective toxins (HSTs) are localized on conditionally dispensable chromosomes (CDCs), also called supernumerary chromosomes, where they are present in multiple copies (PubMed:10975654).
The CDCs are not essential for saprophytic growth but controls host-selective pathogenicity (PubMed:10975654).
The CDCs are not essential for saprophytic growth but controls host-selective pathogenicity (PubMed:10975654).
Pathway
Mycotoxin biosynthesis.
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | peroxisome | |
Molecular Function | hydrolase activity |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Enzyme and pathway databases
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameAbhydrolase domain-containing protein AKT2
- EC number
- Alternative names
Gene names
Organism names
- Strain
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Fungi > Dikarya > Ascomycota > Pezizomycotina > Dothideomycetes > Pleosporomycetidae > Pleosporales > Pleosporineae > Pleosporaceae > Alternaria > Alternaria sect. Alternaria > Alternaria alternata complex
Accessions
- Primary accessionO93801
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
UniProt Annotation
GO Annotation
Note: The peroxisomal location requires the C-terminal tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal.
Keywords
- Cellular component
Phenotypes & Variants
Disruption phenotype
Abolishes the production of AK-toxin and impairs the pathogenicity.
Miscellaneous
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for chain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chain | PRO_0000444825 | 1-262 | Abhydrolase domain-containing protein AKT2 | ||
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for motif.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Motif | 260-262 | Peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 | |||
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AKT2 hydrolase family.
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Length262
- Mass (Da)29,432
- Last updated1999-05-01 v1
- MD5 ChecksumE2A8A3DA2303FC6350DF8244F74B13B6
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AB015352 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAA36589.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA | ||
AB872924 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | BAO10614.1 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | Genomic DNA |