O60595 · O60595_HUMAN

  • Protein
    Interleukin-12 subunit alpha
  • Gene
    IL12A
  • Status
    UniProtKB unreviewed (TrEMBL)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at protein level
  • Annotation score
    3/5

Function

function

Heterodimerizes with IL12B to form the IL-12 cytokine or with EBI3/IL27B to form the IL-35 cytokine. IL-12 is primarily produced by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as B-cells and dendritic cells (DCs) as well as macrophages and granulocytes and regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favors the differentiation of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and is an important link between innate resistance and adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL12R1 and IL12R2 subunits. Binding to the receptor results in the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates including the JAK family kinases TYK2 and JAK2. In turn, recruited STAT4 gets phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates cytokine/growth factor responsive genes. As part of IL-35, plays essential roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the liver microenvironment and functions also as an immune-suppressive cytokine. Mediates biological events through unconventional receptors composed of IL12RB2 and gp130/IL6ST heterodimers or homodimers. Signaling requires the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT4, which form a unique heterodimer that binds to distinct DNA sites.

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentinterleukin-12 complex
Molecular Functioncytokine activity
Molecular Functiongrowth factor activity
Molecular Functioninterleukin-12 beta subunit binding
Molecular Functioninterleukin-12 receptor binding
Molecular Functionprotein heterodimerization activity
Biological Processimmune response
Biological Processpositive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Interleukin-12 subunit alpha
  • Short names
    IL-12A

Gene names

    • Name
      IL12A
    • ORF names
      hCG_1685939

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Organism
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    O60595

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Keywords

  • Cellular component

Disease & Variants

Variants

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The viewer provides 264 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.

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Organism-specific databases

Genetic variation databases

PTM/Processing

Keywords

Interaction

Subunit

Heterodimer with IL12B; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12.

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for compositional bias, region.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Compositional bias1-17Pro residues
Region1-20Disordered

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    253
  • Mass (Da)
    28,293
  • Last updated
    1999-08-01 v2
  • Checksum
    FAC56ACD2A620BD5
MWPPGSASQPPPSPAAATGLHPAARPVSLQCRLSMCPARSLLLVATLVLLDHLSLARNLPVATPDPGMFPCLHHSQNLLRAVSNMLQKARQTLEFYPCTSEEIDHEDITKDKTSTVEACLPLELTKNESCLNSRETSFITNGSCLASRKTSFMMALCLSSIYEDLKMYQVEFKTMNAKLLMDPKRQIFLDQNMLAVIDELMQALNFNSETVPQKSSLEEPDFYKTKIKLCILLHAFRIRAVTIDRVMSYLNAS

Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences

There are 3 potential isoforms mapped to this entry

View all
EntryEntry nameGene nameLength
P29459IL12A_HUMANIL12A219
E9PGR3E9PGR3_HUMANIL12A205
E7ENE1E7ENE1_HUMANIL12A181

Features

Showing features for compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Compositional bias1-17Pro residues

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AC010370
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
-Genomic DNA No translation available.
AF101062
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAD16432.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
AF180562
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAD56385.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC104982
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI04983.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
BC104984
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAI04985.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA
CH471052
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
EAW78656.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
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