O35458 · VIAAT_RAT

  • Protein
    Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter
  • Gene
    Slc32a1
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at protein level
  • Annotation score
    5/5

Function

function

Antiporter that exchanges vesicular protons for cytosolic 4-aminobutanoate or to a lesser extend glycine, thus allowing their secretion from nerve terminals (By similarity) (PubMed:9349821).
The transport is equally dependent on the chemical and electrical components of the proton gradient (PubMed:9349821).
May also transport beta-alanine (PubMed:23919636).
Acidification of GABAergic synaptic vesicles is a prerequisite for 4-aminobutanoate uptake (By similarity).

Caution

Juge et al. shows that SLC32A1 is a symporter of both 4-aminobutanoate or glycine or beta-alanine with Cl- that operates according an electrical gradient without the need for a chemical gradient (PubMed:19843525, PubMed:23919636).
However Farsi et al. and Egashira et al. confirm that SLC32A1 is an antiporter that exchanges vesicular protons for cytosolic 4-aminobutanoate or glycine and exclude any coupling with chloride (By similarity).

Catalytic activity

Kinetics

KM SUBSTRATE pH TEMPERATURE[C] NOTES EVIDENCE
5 mM4-aminobutanoate
3.5 mMbeta-alanine
0.8 mM4-aminobutanoate
2.1 mMchloride
2.3 mMchloridefor 4-aminobutanoate uptake
Vmax pH TEMPERATURE[C] NOTES EVIDENCE
38 nmol/min/mgtoward beta-alanine
41 nmol/min/mgtoward 4-aminobutanoate
90.6 nmol/min/mgtoward chloride
7.4 nmol/min/mgtoward chloride (for 4-aminobutanoate uptake)

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componentcell surface
Cellular Componentcell tip
Cellular Componentcone cell pedicle
Cellular Componentdendrite
Cellular Componentdendrite terminus
Cellular ComponentGABA-ergic synapse
Cellular Componentinhibitory synapse
Cellular Componentneuron projection
Cellular Componentneuron projection terminus
Cellular Componentpresynapse
Cellular Componentpresynaptic active zone
Cellular Componentsynapse
Cellular Componentsynaptic vesicle
Cellular Componentsynaptic vesicle membrane
Molecular Functiongamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity
Molecular Functiongamma-aminobutyric acid:proton antiporter activity
Molecular Functionglycine transmembrane transporter activity
Molecular Functionglycine:proton antiporter activity
Biological Processbeta-alanine transport
Biological Processgamma-aminobutyric acid import
Biological Processgamma-aminobutyric acid transport
Biological Processglycine transport
Biological Processhippocampus development
Biological Processneurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle
Biological Processneurotransmitter transport

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter
  • Alternative names
    • GABA and glycine transporter
    • Solute carrier family 32 member 1
    • Vesicular GABA transporter
      (rGVAT)
    • rat UNC-47 homolog
      (RUNC-47
      )

Gene names

    • Name
      Slc32a1
    • Synonyms
      Vgat, Viaat

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strain
    • Sprague-Dawley
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Rattus

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    O35458

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Features

Showing features for topological domain, transmembrane.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Topological domain1-132Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane133-153Helical
Topological domain154-204Lumenal, vesicle
Transmembrane205-225Helical
Topological domain226-265Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane266-286Helical
Topological domain287-305Lumenal, vesicle
Transmembrane306-326Helical
Topological domain327-341Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane342-362Helical
Topological domain363-383Lumenal, vesicle
Transmembrane384-404Helical
Topological domain405-438Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane439-459Helical
Topological domain460-461Lumenal, vesicle
Transmembrane462-482Helical
Topological domain483-489Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane490-510Helical
Topological domain511-525Lumenal, vesicle

Keywords

Phenotypes & Variants

Features

Showing features for mutagenesis.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Mutagenesis213Loss of GABA and glycine transport activity. Loss of potential gradient-induced Cl- uptake. Loss of beta-alanine transport activity.
Mutagenesis351Retains around 80% of the beta-alanine transport activity.

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, modified residue.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00000938231-525Vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter
Modified residue1863'-nitrotyrosine

Keywords

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

Expression

Tissue specificity

Brain (PubMed:9349821, PubMed:9822734).
Expressed at high levels within the neocortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, striatum, septal nuclei and the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (PubMed:9349821).
Also expressed in islets where it is more abundant in the peripheral/mantle region (PubMed:12031963).
Highly expressed in the nerve endings of GABA neurons in the brain and spinal cord but also in glycinergic nerve endings (PubMed:9822734).
Expressed in glycine-, GABA- or GABA- and glycine-containing boutons (PubMed:10036231, PubMed:9822734).

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Protein-protein interaction databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Sequence similarities

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    525
  • Mass (Da)
    57,407
  • Last updated
    1998-01-01 v1
  • Checksum
    33C5E8D31B7BD510
MATLLRSKLTNVATSVSNKSQAKVSGMFARMGFQAATDEEAVGFAHCDDLDFEHRQGLQMDILKSEGEPCGDEGAEPPVEGDIHYQRGGAPLPPSGSKDQAVGAGGEFGGHDKPKITAWEAGWNVTNAIQGMFVLGLPYAILHGGYLGLFLIIFAAVVCCYTGKILIACLYEENEDGEVVRVRDSYVAIANACCAPRFPTLGGRVVNVAQIIELVMTCILYVVVSGNLMYNSFPGLPVSQKSWSIIATAVLLPCAFLKNLKAVSKFSLLCTLAHFVINILVIAYCLSRARDWAWEKVKFYIDVKKFPISIGIIVFSYTSQIFLPSLEGNMQQPSEFHCMMNWTHIAACVLKGLFALVAYLTWADETKEVITDNLPGSIRAVVNIFLVAKALLSYPLPFFAAVEVLEKSLFQEGSRAFFPACYGGDGRLKSWGLTLRCALVVFTLLMAIYVPHFALLMGLTGSLTGAGLCFLLPSLFHLRLLWRKLLWHQVFFDVAIFVIGGICSVSGFVHSLEGLIEAYRTNAED

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AF030253
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAB82950.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

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