D9ZXQ9 · D9ZXQ9_9INFA

Function

function

Catalyzes the removal of terminal sialic acid residues from viral and cellular glycoconjugates. Cleaves off the terminal sialic acids on the glycosylated HA during virus budding to facilitate virus release. Additionally helps virus spread through the circulation by further removing sialic acids from the cell surface. These cleavages prevent self-aggregation and ensure the efficient spread of the progeny virus from cell to cell. Otherwise, infection would be limited to one round of replication. Described as a receptor-destroying enzyme because it cleaves a terminal sialic acid from the cellular receptors. May facilitate viral invasion of the upper airways by cleaving the sialic acid moities on the mucin of the airway epithelial cells. Likely to plays a role in the budding process through its association with lipid rafts during intracellular transport. May additionally display a raft-association independent effect on budding. Plays a role in the determination of host range restriction on replication and virulence. Sialidase activity in late endosome/lysosome traffic seems to enhance virus replication.

Caution

Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

Catalytic activity

  • Hydrolysis of alpha-(2->3)-, alpha-(2->6)-, alpha-(2->8)- glycosidic linkages of terminal sialic acid residues in oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, colominic acid and synthetic substrates.
    EC:3.2.1.18 (UniProtKB | ENZYME | Rhea)

Cofactor

Ca2+ (UniProtKB | Rhea| CHEBI:29108 )

Activity regulation

Inhibited by the neuraminidase inhibitors zanamivir (Relenza) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu). These drugs interfere with the release of progeny virus from infected cells and are effective against all influenza strains. Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors is quite rare.

Features

Showing features for binding site, active site.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Binding site98substrate
Active site131Proton donor/acceptor
Binding site132substrate
Binding site257-258substrate
Binding site273substrate
Binding site274Ca2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site278Ca2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site304Ca2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site348substrate
Active site382Nucleophile

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componenthost cell plasma membrane
Cellular Componentmembrane
Cellular Componentvirion membrane
Molecular Functionexo-alpha-(2->3)-sialidase activity
Molecular Functionexo-alpha-(2->6)-sialidase activity
Molecular Functionexo-alpha-(2->8)-sialidase activity
Molecular Functionmetal ion binding
Biological Processcarbohydrate metabolic process
Biological Processviral budding from plasma membrane

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Protein family/group databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Neuraminidase
  • EC number

Gene names

    • Name
      NA

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Strain
    • A/chicken/Gansu/44/2004
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Viruses > Riboviria > Orthornavirae > Negarnaviricota > Polyploviricotina > Insthoviricetes > Articulavirales > Orthomyxoviridae > Alphainfluenzavirus > Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae > Influenza A virus

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    D9ZXQ9

Proteomes

Subcellular Location

Host membrane
; Single-pass type II membrane protein
Virion membrane
Host apical cell membrane
; Single-pass type II membrane protein
Note: Preferentially accumulates at the apical plasma membrane in infected polarized epithelial cells, which is the virus assembly site. Uses lipid rafts for cell surface transport and apical sorting. In the virion, forms a mushroom-shaped spike on the surface of the membrane.

Features

Showing features for transmembrane.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Transmembrane7-34Helical

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for disulfide bond.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Disulfide bond72↔397
Disulfide bond104↔109
Disulfide bond164↔211
Disulfide bond213↔218
Disulfide bond259↔272
Disulfide bond261↔270
Disulfide bond298↔315
Disulfide bond401↔426

Post-translational modification

N-glycosylated.

Keywords

Interaction

Subunit

Homotetramer.

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region11-33Involved in apical transport and lipid raft association
Region71-449Head of neuraminidase

Domain

Intact N-terminus is essential for virion morphogenesis. Possess two apical sorting signals, one in the ectodomain, which is likely to be a glycan, and the other in the transmembrane domain. The transmembrane domain also plays a role in lipid raft association.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 34 family.

Keywords

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    449
  • Mass (Da)
    49,105
  • Last updated
    2010-10-05 v1
  • Checksum
    42B6F96E256DA76A
MNPNQKIITIGSICMVIGIVSLMLQIGNIISIWVSHSIQTGNQHQAEPTSNTNFLTEKDVASVILAGNSSLCPISGWAVHSKDNSIRIGSKGDVFVIREPFISCSHLECRTFFLTQGALLNDKHSNRTVKDRSPHRTLMSRPVGEAPSPYNSRFESVAWSASACHDGTSWLTIGISGPDNGAVAVLKYNGIITDTIQSWRNNILRTPESECVCVNGSCFTVMTDGPSNGQASYKIFKMKKGKVVKSVELDAPNYHYEECSCYPDAGEITCVCRDNWHGSNRPWVSFNQNLEYQIGYICSGVFGDNPRPNDGTGSCGPVSSNGAYGVKGFSFKYGNGVWIGRTKSTNSRSGFEMIWDPNGWTGTDSSFSVKQDIVATTDWSGYSGSFVQHPELTGLDCIRPCFWVELIRGRPKESTIWTSGSSISFCGVNSDTVGWSWPDGAELPFTIDK

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
HM172187
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
ADG59211.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Viral cRNA

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
We'd like to inform you that we have updated our Privacy Notice to comply with Europe’s new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) that applies since 25 May 2018.
FeedbackHelp