C9JJQ8 · C9JJQ8_HUMAN
- ProteinTubulin alpha chain
- GeneTUBA4A
- StatusUniProtKB unreviewed (TrEMBL)
- Organism
- Amino acids198 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score3/5
Function
function
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
Catalytic activity
- GTP + H2O = GDP + H+ + phosphateThis reaction proceeds in the forward direction.
Cofactor
GO annotations
all annotations | all molecular function | virus receptor activity | dna binding | rna binding | cytoskeletal motor activity | catalytic activity | gtpase activity | structural molecule activity | transporter activity | cytoskeletal protein binding | lipid binding | cyclase activity | antioxidant activity | oxidoreductase activity | transferase activity | hydrolase activity | lyase activity | isomerase activity | ligase activity | protein tag activity | cargo receptor activity | histone binding | protein folding chaperone | translation regulator activity | nutrient reservoir activity | receptor ligand activity | molecular transducer activity | molecular adaptor activity | toxin activity | cell adhesion mediator activity | molecular function regulator activity | virus coreceptor activity | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | catalytic activity, acting on dna | catalytic activity, acting on rna | molecular carrier activity | transcription regulator activity | general transcription initiation factor activity | molecular sensor activity | molecular sequestering activity | atp-dependent activity | other molecular function | all biological process | mitotic cell cycle | cytokinesis | cytoplasmic translation | immune system process | muscle system process | circulatory system process | renal system process | respiratory system process | carbohydrate metabolic process | generation of precursor metabolites and energy | dna replication | dna repair | dna recombination | chromatin organization | dna-templated transcription | regulation of dna-templated transcription | trna metabolic process | protein folding | protein glycosylation | amino acid metabolic process | modified amino acid metabolic process | lipid metabolic process | vitamin metabolic process | sulfur compound metabolic process | intracellular protein transport | nucleocytoplasmic transport | autophagy | inflammatory response | mitochondrion organization | cytoskeleton organization | microtubule-based movement | peroxisome organization | lysosome organization | chromosome segregation | cell adhesion | establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | programmed cell death | photosynthesis | mrna metabolic process | snrna metabolic process | vesicle-mediated transport | reproductive process | digestive system process | signaling | cell differentiation | protein catabolic process | extracellular matrix organization | regulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencing | telomere organization | cell junction organization | wound healing | ribosome biogenesis | cilium organization | anatomical structure development | cell motility | nervous system process | endocrine process | protein maturation | transmembrane transport | nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process | hepaticobiliary system process | membrane organization | protein-containing complex assembly | cell wall organization or biogenesis | nitrogen cycle metabolic process | protein localization to plasma membrane | defense response to other organism | detoxification | meiotic nuclear division | mitotic nuclear division | mitochondrial gene expression | carbohydrate derivative metabolic process | other biological process | all cellular component | nuclear chromosome | extracellular region | extracellular space | cell wall | nucleus | nuclear envelope | nucleoplasm | chromosome | nucleolus | mitochondrion | lysosome | endosome | vacuole | peroxisome | endoplasmic reticulum | golgi apparatus | lipid droplet | microtubule organizing center | cytosol | ribosome | cytoskeleton | plasma membrane | cilium | plastid | thylakoid | external encapsulating structure | extracellular matrix | cytoplasmic vesicle | organelle | other cellular component | |||
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Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | cytoplasm | |
Cellular Component | microtubule | |
Cellular Component | microtubule cytoskeleton | |
Molecular Function | GTP binding | |
Molecular Function | hydrolase activity | |
Molecular Function | structural constituent of cytoskeleton | |
Biological Process | microtubule-based process |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Ligand
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameTubulin alpha chain
Gene names
Organism names
- Organism
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Primates > Haplorrhini > Catarrhini > Hominidae > Homo
Accessions
- Primary accessionC9JJQ8
Proteomes
Organism-specific databases
Subcellular Location
Disease & Variants
Variants
We now provide the "Disease & Variants" viewer in its own tab.
The viewer provides 129 variants from UniProt as well as other sources including ClinVar and dbSNP.
Genetic variation databases
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for modified residue (large scale data).
Type | ID | Position(s) | Source | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residue (large scale data) | 16 | PRIDE | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 71 | PRIDE | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 117 | PRIDE | Phosphothreonine | ||||
Sequence: T | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 126 | PRIDE | Phosphotyrosine | ||||
Sequence: Y | |||||||
Modified residue (large scale data) | 181 | PRIDE | Phosphoserine | ||||
Sequence: S |
Proteomic databases
PTM databases
Expression
Gene expression databases
Interaction
Subunit
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for domain.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Domain | 72-198 | Tubulin/FtsZ GTPase | ||||
Sequence: FTTFFCETGAGKHVPRAVFVDLEPTVIDEIRNGPYRQLFHPEQLITGKEDAANNYARGHYTIGKEIIDPVLDRIRKLSDQCTGLQGFLVFHSFGGGTGSGFTSLLMERLSVDYGKKSKLEFSIYPAP |
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the tubulin family.
Phylogenomic databases
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusFragment
- Length198
- Mass (Da)21,678
- Last updated2009-11-03 v1
- ChecksumE311C05987F08A25
Computationally mapped potential isoform sequences
There are 5 potential isoforms mapped to this entry
Features
Showing features for non-terminal residue.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-terminal residue | 198 | |||||
Sequence: P |
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
AC068946 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | Genomic DNA | No translation available. |