C0HKC2 · PA2HB_AGKPL
- ProteinBasic phospholipase A2 homolog APL-K49
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids137 (go to sequence)
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score4/5
Function
function
Snake venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) that lacks enzymatic activity (PubMed:28633930).
Does not show antibacterial activity (PubMed:29928892).
Is myotoxic and displays edema-inducing activities (By similarity).
A model of myotoxic mechanism has been proposed: an apo Lys49-PLA2 is activated by the entrance of a hydrophobic molecule (e.g. fatty acid) at the hydrophobic channel of the protein leading to a reorientation of a monomer (By similarity).
This reorientation causes a transition between 'inactive' to 'active' states, causing alignment of C-terminal and membrane-docking sites (MDoS) side-by-side and putting the membrane-disruption sites (MDiS) in the same plane, exposed to solvent and in a symmetric position for both monomers (By similarity).
The MDoS region stabilizes the toxin on membrane by the interaction of charged residues with phospholipid head groups (By similarity).
Subsequently, the MDiS region destabilizes the membrane with penetration of hydrophobic residues (By similarity).
This insertion causes a disorganization of the membrane, allowing an uncontrolled influx of ions (i.e. calcium and sodium), and eventually triggering irreversible intracellular alterations and cell death (By similarity).
Does not show antibacterial activity (PubMed:29928892).
Is myotoxic and displays edema-inducing activities (By similarity).
A model of myotoxic mechanism has been proposed: an apo Lys49-PLA2 is activated by the entrance of a hydrophobic molecule (e.g. fatty acid) at the hydrophobic channel of the protein leading to a reorientation of a monomer (By similarity).
This reorientation causes a transition between 'inactive' to 'active' states, causing alignment of C-terminal and membrane-docking sites (MDoS) side-by-side and putting the membrane-disruption sites (MDiS) in the same plane, exposed to solvent and in a symmetric position for both monomers (By similarity).
The MDoS region stabilizes the toxin on membrane by the interaction of charged residues with phospholipid head groups (By similarity).
Subsequently, the MDiS region destabilizes the membrane with penetration of hydrophobic residues (By similarity).
This insertion causes a disorganization of the membrane, allowing an uncontrolled influx of ions (i.e. calcium and sodium), and eventually triggering irreversible intracellular alterations and cell death (By similarity).
Features
Showing features for site.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site | 121 | Important residue of the cationic membrane-docking site (MDoS) | |||
Site | 124 | Important residue of the cationic membrane-docking site (MDoS) | |||
Site | 127 | Hydrophobic membrane-disruption site (MDiS) | |||
Site | 128 | Cationic membrane-docking site (MDoS) | |||
Site | 133 | Cationic membrane-docking site (MDoS) | |||
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | extracellular region | |
Molecular Function | calcium ion binding | |
Molecular Function | calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 activity | |
Molecular Function | phospholipid binding | |
Molecular Function | toxin activity | |
Biological Process | arachidonic acid secretion | |
Biological Process | lipid catabolic process | |
Biological Process | negative regulation of T cell proliferation | |
Biological Process | phospholipid metabolic process |
Keywords
- Molecular function
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameBasic phospholipase A2 homolog APL-K49
- Short namessvPLA2 homolog
- Alternative names
Organism names
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Lepidosauria > Squamata > Bifurcata > Unidentata > Episquamata > Toxicofera > Serpentes > Colubroidea > Viperidae > Crotalinae > Agkistrodon
Accessions
- Primary accessionC0HKC2
Subcellular Location
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for signal, chain, disulfide bond.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal | 1-16 | ||||
Chain | PRO_0000442173 | 17-137 | Basic phospholipase A2 homolog APL-K49 | ||
Disulfide bond | 42↔131 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 44↔60 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 59↔111 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 65↔137 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 66↔104 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 73↔97 | ||||
Disulfide bond | 91↔102 | ||||
Keywords
- PTM
Expression
Tissue specificity
Expressed by the venom gland.
Interaction
Subunit
Monomer.
Structure
Family & Domains
Features
Showing features for region.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | 121-133 | Important for membrane-damaging activities in eukaryotes and bacteria; heparin-binding | |||
Sequence similarities
Keywords
- Domain
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
- Length137
- Mass (Da)15,713
- Last updated2017-10-25 v1
- Checksum3D8FC7C0E4B5AA8D
Keywords
- Technical term
Sequence databases
Nucleotide Sequence | Protein Sequence | Molecule Type | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EV854871 EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ | - | mRNA | No translation available. |