A3LXD5 · H31_PICST

Function

function

Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

Caution

To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H3K4me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-5; H3K9ac = acetylated Lys-10; H3K9me1 = monomethylated Lys-10; H3S10ph = phosphorylated Ser-11; H3K14ac = acetylated Lys-15; H3K14me2 = dimethylated Lys-15; H3K18ac = acetylated Lys-19; H3K18me1 = monomethylated Lys-19; H3K23ac = acetylated Lys-24; H3K23me1 = monomethylated Lys-24; H3K27ac = acetylated Lys-28; H3K27me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-28; H3K36ac = acetylated Lys-37; H3K36me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-37; H3K56ac = acetylated Lys-57; H3K64ac = acetylated Lys-65; H3K79me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-80.

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentnucleosome
Cellular Componentnucleus
Molecular FunctionDNA binding
Molecular Functionprotein heterodimerization activity
Molecular Functionstructural constituent of chromatin
Biological ProcessrRNA transcription

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Histone H3.1/H3.2

Gene names

    • Name
      HHT1
    • ORF names
      PICST_73330
    • Name
      HHT2
    • ORF names
      PICST_90527

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    A3LXD5

Proteomes

Subcellular Location

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for initiator methionine, chain, modified residue.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Initiator methionine1Removed
ChainPRO_00002977532-136Histone H3.1/H3.2
Modified residue5N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue5N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue5N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue10N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue10N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue11Phosphoserine
Modified residue15N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue15N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue19N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue19N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue24N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue24N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue28N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue28N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue28N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue28N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue37N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue37N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue37N6-acetyllysine; alternate
Modified residue37N6-methyllysine; alternate
Modified residue57N6-acetyllysine
Modified residue65N6-acetyllysine
Modified residue80N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue80N6,N6-dimethyllysine; alternate
Modified residue80N6-methyllysine; alternate

Post-translational modification

Phosphorylated to form H3S10ph. H3S10ph promotes subsequent H3K14ac formation and is required for transcriptional activation through TBP recruitment to the promoters (By similarity).
Mono-, di- and trimethylated by the COMPASS complex to form H3K4me1/2/3. H3K4me activates gene expression by regulating transcription elongation and plays a role in telomere length maintenance. H3K4me enrichment correlates with transcription levels, and occurs in a 5' to 3' gradient with H3K4me3 enrichment at the 5'-end of genes, shifting to H3K4me2 and then H3K4me1. Methylated by SET2 to form H3K36me. H3K36me represses gene expression. Methylated by DOT1 to form H3K79me. H3K79me is required for association of SIR proteins with telomeric regions and for telomeric silencing. The COMPASS-mediated formation of H3K4me2/3 and the DOT1-mediated formation of H3K79me require H2BK123ub1 (By similarity).
Acetylation of histone H3 leads to transcriptional activation. H3K14ac formation by GCN5 is promoted by H3S10ph. H3K14ac can also be formed by ESA1. H3K56ac formation occurs predominantly in newly synthesized H3 molecules during G1, S and G2/M of the cell cycle and may be involved in DNA repair (By similarity).

Keywords

Interaction

Subunit

The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

Protein-protein interaction databases

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region1-43Disordered

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the histone H3 family.

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    136
  • Mass (Da)
    15,388
  • Last updated
    2007-04-03 v1
  • Checksum
    A613633B480AC67A
MARTKQTARKSTGGKAPRKQLASKAARKSAPSTGGVKKPHRYKPGTVALREIRRFQKSTELLIRKLPFQRLVREIAQDFKTDLRFQSSAIGALQESVEAYLVSLFEDTNLCAIHAKRVTIQKKDIQLARRLRGERS

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
CP000500
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
ABN67439.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA
CP000500
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
ABN67869.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
Genomic DNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. Our staff consists of biologists and biochemists that are not trained to give medical advice.
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