Interplay between glutathione and mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 via transcription factor WRKY40 under combined osmotic and cold stress in Arabidopsis.
critical role in manipulating plant photosynthetic activities to promote ROS accumulation in chloroplasts and hypersensitive response cell death which contributes to the robustness of effector-triggered immunity
abscisic acid and jasmonate mediate inactivation of the immune-associated MAP kinases (MAPKs) MPK3 and MPK6 in Arabidopsis thaliana ABA induced expression of genes encoding the protein phosphatases 2C (PP2Cs) HAI1 HAI2 and HAI3 through ABF/AREB transcription factors
Study propose that the pathogen-responsive MPK3/MPK6 cascade and ABA are two essential signaling pathways that control respectively the organic acid metabolism and ion channels two main branches of osmotic regulation in guard cells that function interdependently to control stomatal opening/closure.
Data show that the protein kinases MPK3 and MPK6 can both interact with SPOROCYTELESS/NOZZLE (SPL) in vitro and in vivo and can phosphorylate the SPL protein in vitro.
Data report that MPK3/MPK6 and their substrate ERF6 promote the biosynthesis of IGSs and the conversion of I3G to 4MI3G a target of PEN2/PEN3-dependent chemical defenses in plant immunity.
MKK4 MKK5 MKK7 and MKK9 are responsible for the activation of MPK3 and MPK6 by melatonin indicating that melatonin-mediated innate immunity is triggered by MAPK signaling through MKK4/5/7/9-MPK3/6 cascades.
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