UniProtKB - P30041 (PRDX6_HUMAN)
Protein
Peroxiredoxin-6
Gene
PRDX6
Organism
Homo sapiens (Human)
Status
Functioni
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively (PubMed:9497358, PubMed:10893423). Can reduce H2O2 and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides (PubMed:10893423). Also has phospholipase activity, can therefore either reduce the oxidized sn-2 fatty acyl group of phospholipids (peroxidase activity) or hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids (phospholipase activity) (PubMed:10893423, PubMed:26830860). These activities are dependent on binding to phospholipids at acidic pH and to oxidized phospholipds at cytosolic pH (PubMed:10893423). Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and in phospholipid homeostasis (PubMed:10893423). Exhibits acyl-CoA-dependent lysophospholipid acyltransferase which mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) (PubMed:26830860). Shows a clear preference for LPC as the lysophospholipid and for palmitoyl CoA as the fatty acyl substrate (PubMed:26830860).3 Publications
Miscellaneous
The active site is a conserved redox-active cysteine residue, the peroxidatic cysteine (C(P)), which makes the nucleophilic attack on the peroxide substrate. The peroxide oxidizes the C(P)-SH to cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH), which then reacts with another cysteine residue, the resolving cysteine (C(R)), to form a disulfide bridge. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by an appropriate electron donor to complete the catalytic cycle. In this 1-Cys peroxiredoxin, no C(R) is present and C(P) instead forms a disulfide with a cysteine from another protein or with a small thiol molecule. C(P) is reactivated by glutathionylation mediated by glutathione S-transferase Pi, followed by spontaneous reduction of the enzyme with glutathione.By similarity
Catalytic activityi
- EC:1.11.1.272 Publications
- a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a fatty acid + H+2 PublicationsEC:3.1.1.42 Publications
- a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA1 PublicationEC:2.3.1.231 Publication
- 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + hexadecanoyl-CoA = 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA1 PublicationThis reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
- 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H+ + hexadecanoate1 PublicationThis reaction proceeds in the forward1 Publication direction.
Activity regulationi
MJ33 or lithium;[(2R)-1-hexadecoxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)propan-2-yl] methyl phosphate inhibits its phospholipase A2 activity (PubMed:26830860). CI-976 or 2,2-Dimethyl-N-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)dodecanamide inhibits its lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity (PubMed:26830860).1 Publication
Kineticsi
- KM=18 µM for palmitoyl-CoA (lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity at pH 4.0)1 Publication
- KM=15 µM for palmitoyl-CoA (lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity for the phosphorylated form at pH 7.0)1 Publication
- Vmax=30 nmol/min/mg enzyme with palmitoyl-CoA as substrate for lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity (at pH 4.0)1 Publication
- Vmax=770 nmol/min/mg enzyme with palmitoyl-CoA as substrate for lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity (phosphorylated form at pH 7.0)1 Publication
pH dependencei
Shows a 3-fold greater lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity at pH 4.0 than at pH 7.0.1 Publication
Sites
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sitei | 32 | Important for phospholipase activity1 Publication | 1 | |
Active sitei | 47 | Cysteine sulfenic acid (-SOH) intermediate; for peroxidase activity3 Publications | 1 | |
Active sitei | 140 | For phospholipase activityBy similarity | 1 |
GO - Molecular functioni
- 1-acylglycerophosphocholine O-acyltransferase activity Source: UniProtKB
- cadherin binding Source: BHF-UCL
- calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity Source: CAFA
- glutathione peroxidase activity Source: CAFA
- identical protein binding Source: CAFA
- peroxiredoxin activity Source: InterPro
- phospholipase A2 activity Source: UniProtKB
- phospholipase A2 activity (consuming 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine) Source: UniProtKB-EC
- phospholipase A2 activity consuming 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine) Source: UniProtKB-EC
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
GO - Biological processi
- cell redox homeostasis Source: GO_Central
- cellular oxidant detoxification Source: CAFA
- cellular response to oxidative stress Source: Reactome
- glycerophospholipid catabolic process Source: CAFA
- hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Source: Ensembl
- neutrophil degranulation Source: Reactome
- positive regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: UniProtKB
- response to oxidative stress Source: CAFA
Keywordsi
Molecular function | Antioxidant, Hydrolase, Multifunctional enzyme, Oxidoreductase, Peroxidase, Transferase |
Biological process | Lipid degradation, Lipid metabolism |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:HS04152-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.11.1.15, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P30041 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-3299685, Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species R-HSA-6798695, Neutrophil degranulation |
SIGNORi | P30041 |
Protein family/group databases
MoonDBi | P30041, Curated |
MoonProti | P30041 |
PeroxiBasei | 4426, Hs1CysPrx01 |
Chemistry databases
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000001691 |
Names & Taxonomyi
Protein namesi | Recommended name: Peroxiredoxin-6 (EC:1.11.1.272 Publications)Alternative name(s): 1-Cys peroxiredoxin Short name: 1-Cys PRX 24 kDa protein Antioxidant protein 2 Glutathione-dependent peroxiredoxinCurated Liver 2D page spot 40 Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 51 Publication (EC:2.3.1.231 Publication) Short name: LPC acyltransferase 5 Short name: LPCAT-5 Short name: Lyso-PC acyltransferase 5 Non-selenium glutathione peroxidase Short name: NSGPx Red blood cells page spot 12 |
Gene namesi | Name:PRDX6 Synonyms:AOP2, KIAA0106 |
Organismi | Homo sapiens (Human) |
Taxonomic identifieri | 9606 [NCBI] |
Taxonomic lineagei | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Proteomesi |
|
Organism-specific databases
HGNCi | HGNC:16753, PRDX6 |
MIMi | 602316, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P30041 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000117592.8 |
Subcellular locationi
Cytosol
- cytosol Source: GO_Central
Extracellular region or secreted
- extracellular exosome Source: UniProtKB
- extracellular region Source: Reactome
- extracellular space Source: UniProtKB
Lysosome
- azurophil granule lumen Source: Reactome
Mitochondrion
- mitochondrion Source: GO_Central
Nucleus
- nucleus Source: UniProtKB
Other locations
- cytoplasm Source: UniProtKB
- membrane Source: UniProtKB
- perinuclear region of cytoplasm Source: UniProtKB
Keywords - Cellular componenti
Cytoplasm, LysosomePathology & Biotechi
Mutagenesis
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesisi | 32 | S → A: Loss of phospholipase activity, but no effect on peroxidase activity. 1 Publication | 1 | |
Mutagenesisi | 47 | C → S: Loss of peroxidase activity, but no effect on phospholipase activity. 1 Publication | 1 |
Organism-specific databases
DisGeNETi | 9588 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000117592 |
PharmGKBi | PA134992760 |
Miscellaneous databases
Pharosi | P30041, Tbio |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL4295741 |
DrugBanki | DB03814, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid DB09130, Copper |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PRDX6 |
DMDMi | 1718024 |
PTM / Processingi
Molecule processing
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Initiator methioninei | RemovedCombined sources4 Publications | |||
ChainiPRO_0000135102 | 2 – 224 | Peroxiredoxin-6Add BLAST | 223 |
Amino acid modifications
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Modified residuei | 44 | PhosphothreonineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 63 | N6-acetyllysineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 89 | PhosphotyrosineCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 177 | Phosphothreonine; by MAPKBy similarity | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 209 | N6-acetyllysine; alternateCombined sources | 1 | |
Modified residuei | 209 | N6-succinyllysine; alternateBy similarity | 1 |
Post-translational modificationi
Irreversibly inactivated by overoxidation of Cys-47 to sulfinic acid (Cys-SO2H) and sulfonic acid (Cys-SO3H) forms upon oxidative stress.2 Publications
Phosphorylation at Thr-177 by MAP kinases increases the phospholipase activity of the enzyme (By similarity). The phosphorylated form exhibits a greater lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity compared to the non-phosphorylated form (PubMed:26830860).By similarity1 Publication
Keywords - PTMi
Acetylation, PhosphoproteinProteomic databases
CPTACi | CPTAC-117 CPTAC-118 |
EPDi | P30041 |
jPOSTi | P30041 |
MassIVEi | P30041 |
PaxDbi | P30041 |
PeptideAtlasi | P30041 |
PRIDEi | P30041 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54620 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P30041 |
2D gel databases
DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGEi | P30041 |
OGPi | P30041 |
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGEi | IPI00220301 P30041 |
SWISS-2DPAGEi | P30041 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | P30041 |
iPTMneti | P30041 |
MetOSitei | P30041 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P30041 |
SwissPalmi | P30041 |
Expressioni
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000117592, Expressed in amniotic fluid and 251 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P30041, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P30041, HS |
Organism-specific databases
HPAi | ENSG00000117592, Low tissue specificity |
Interactioni
Subunit structurei
Homodimer (PubMed:9587003, PubMed:27353378).
Interacts with GSTP1; mediates PRDX6 glutathionylation and regeneration (By similarity).
Interacts with APEX1 (PubMed:19188445).
Interacts with STH (PubMed:16186110). May interact with FAM168B (PubMed:20716133). May interact with HTR2A (By similarity).
By similarity5 PublicationsBinary interactionsi
Hide detailsP30041
GO - Molecular functioni
- cadherin binding Source: BHF-UCL
- identical protein binding Source: CAFA
- ubiquitin protein ligase binding Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 114956, 161 interactors |
IntActi | P30041, 39 interactors |
MINTi | P30041 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000342026 |
Miscellaneous databases
RNActi | P30041, protein |
Structurei
Secondary structure
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details3D structure databases
BMRBi | P30041 |
SMRi | P30041 |
ModBasei | Search... |
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Miscellaneous databases
EvolutionaryTracei | P30041 |
Family & Domainsi
Domains and Repeats
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Domaini | 5 – 169 | ThioredoxinPROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST | 165 |
Region
Feature key | Position(s) | DescriptionActions | Graphical view | Length |
---|---|---|---|---|
Regioni | 31 – 40 | Required and sufficient for targeting to lysosomes and lamellar bodiesBy similarity | 10 |
Sequence similaritiesi
Keywords - Domaini
Redox-active centerPhylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0854, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00550000074794 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_042529_4_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P30041 |
OMAi | IPLTCRA |
OrthoDBi | 1129256at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P30041 |
TreeFami | TF105183 |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.30.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR000866, AhpC/TSA IPR024706, Peroxiredoxin_AhpC-typ IPR019479, Peroxiredoxin_C IPR036249, Thioredoxin-like_sf IPR013766, Thioredoxin_domain |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF10417, 1-cysPrx_C, 1 hit PF00578, AhpC-TSA, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF000239, AHPC, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF52833, SSF52833, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51352, THIOREDOXIN_2, 1 hit |
i Sequence
Sequence statusi: Complete.
: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. Sequence processingi
P30041-1 [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
10 20 30 40 50
MPGGLLLGDV APNFEANTTV GRIRFHDFLG DSWGILFSHP RDFTPVCTTE
60 70 80 90 100
LGRAAKLAPE FAKRNVKLIA LSIDSVEDHL AWSKDINAYN CEEPTEKLPF
110 120 130 140 150
PIIDDRNREL AILLGMLDPA EKDEKGMPVT ARVVFVFGPD KKLKLSILYP
160 170 180 190 200
ATTGRNFDEI LRVVISLQLT AEKRVATPVD WKDGDSVMVL PTIPEEEAKK
210 220
LFPKGVFTKE LPSGKKYLRY TPQP
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | D14662 mRNA Translation: BAA03496.1 DQ230990 Genomic DNA Translation: ABB02185.1 AL139142 Genomic DNA No translation available. AK289352 mRNA Translation: BAF82041.1 CH471067 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90944.1 BC035857 mRNA Translation: AAH35857.1 BC053550 mRNA Translation: AAH53550.1 AJ844621 mRNA Translation: CAH59743.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS1307.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_004896.1, NM_004905.2 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000340385; ENSP00000342026; ENSG00000117592 |
GeneIDi | 9588 |
KEGGi | hsa:9588 |
Similar proteinsi
Cross-referencesi
Web resourcesi
NIEHS SNPs |
Sequence databases
Select the link destinations: EMBLi GenBanki DDBJi Links Updated | D14662 mRNA Translation: BAA03496.1 DQ230990 Genomic DNA Translation: ABB02185.1 AL139142 Genomic DNA No translation available. AK289352 mRNA Translation: BAF82041.1 CH471067 Genomic DNA Translation: EAW90944.1 BC035857 mRNA Translation: AAH35857.1 BC053550 mRNA Translation: AAH53550.1 AJ844621 mRNA Translation: CAH59743.1 |
CCDSi | CCDS1307.1 |
RefSeqi | NP_004896.1, NM_004905.2 |
3D structure databases
Select the link destinations: PDBei RCSB PDBi PDBji Links Updated | PDB entry | Method | Resolution (Å) | Chain | Positions | PDBsum |
1PRX | X-ray | 2.00 | A/B | 1-224 | [»] | |
5B6M | X-ray | 2.50 | A/B/C/D/E/F | 1-224 | [»] | |
5B6N | X-ray | 2.90 | A/B/C/D/E/F | 1-224 | [»] | |
BMRBi | P30041 | |||||
SMRi | P30041 | |||||
ModBasei | Search... | |||||
PDBe-KBi | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases
BioGRIDi | 114956, 161 interactors |
IntActi | P30041, 39 interactors |
MINTi | P30041 |
STRINGi | 9606.ENSP00000342026 |
Chemistry databases
ChEMBLi | CHEMBL4295741 |
DrugBanki | DB03814, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid DB09130, Copper |
SwissLipidsi | SLP:000001691 |
Protein family/group databases
MoonDBi | P30041, Curated |
MoonProti | P30041 |
PeroxiBasei | 4426, Hs1CysPrx01 |
PTM databases
CarbonylDBi | P30041 |
iPTMneti | P30041 |
MetOSitei | P30041 |
PhosphoSitePlusi | P30041 |
SwissPalmi | P30041 |
Genetic variation databases
BioMutai | PRDX6 |
DMDMi | 1718024 |
2D gel databases
DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGEi | P30041 |
OGPi | P30041 |
REPRODUCTION-2DPAGEi | IPI00220301 P30041 |
SWISS-2DPAGEi | P30041 |
Proteomic databases
CPTACi | CPTAC-117 CPTAC-118 |
EPDi | P30041 |
jPOSTi | P30041 |
MassIVEi | P30041 |
PaxDbi | P30041 |
PeptideAtlasi | P30041 |
PRIDEi | P30041 |
ProteomicsDBi | 54620 |
TopDownProteomicsi | P30041 |
Protocols and materials databases
Antibodypediai | 1681, 591 antibodies |
DNASUi | 9588 |
Genome annotation databases
Ensembli | ENST00000340385; ENSP00000342026; ENSG00000117592 |
GeneIDi | 9588 |
KEGGi | hsa:9588 |
Organism-specific databases
CTDi | 9588 |
DisGeNETi | 9588 |
GeneCardsi | PRDX6 |
HGNCi | HGNC:16753, PRDX6 |
HPAi | ENSG00000117592, Low tissue specificity |
MIMi | 602316, gene |
neXtProti | NX_P30041 |
OpenTargetsi | ENSG00000117592 |
PharmGKBi | PA134992760 |
VEuPathDBi | HostDB:ENSG00000117592.8 |
HUGEi | Search... |
GenAtlasi | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOGi | KOG0854, Eukaryota |
GeneTreei | ENSGT00550000074794 |
HOGENOMi | CLU_042529_4_1_1 |
InParanoidi | P30041 |
OMAi | IPLTCRA |
OrthoDBi | 1129256at2759 |
PhylomeDBi | P30041 |
TreeFami | TF105183 |
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyci | MetaCyc:HS04152-MONOMER |
BRENDAi | 1.11.1.15, 2681 |
PathwayCommonsi | P30041 |
Reactomei | R-HSA-3299685, Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species R-HSA-6798695, Neutrophil degranulation |
SIGNORi | P30041 |
Miscellaneous databases
BioGRID-ORCSi | 9588, 9 hits in 875 CRISPR screens |
ChiTaRSi | PRDX6, human |
EvolutionaryTracei | P30041 |
GeneWikii | PRDX6 |
GenomeRNAii | 9588 |
Pharosi | P30041, Tbio |
PROi | PR:P30041 |
RNActi | P30041, protein |
SOURCEi | Search... |
Gene expression databases
Bgeei | ENSG00000117592, Expressed in amniotic fluid and 251 other tissues |
ExpressionAtlasi | P30041, baseline and differential |
Genevisiblei | P30041, HS |
Family and domain databases
Gene3Di | 3.40.30.10, 1 hit |
InterProi | View protein in InterPro IPR000866, AhpC/TSA IPR024706, Peroxiredoxin_AhpC-typ IPR019479, Peroxiredoxin_C IPR036249, Thioredoxin-like_sf IPR013766, Thioredoxin_domain |
Pfami | View protein in Pfam PF10417, 1-cysPrx_C, 1 hit PF00578, AhpC-TSA, 1 hit |
PIRSFi | PIRSF000239, AHPC, 1 hit |
SUPFAMi | SSF52833, SSF52833, 1 hit |
PROSITEi | View protein in PROSITE PS51352, THIOREDOXIN_2, 1 hit |
ProtoNeti | Search... |
MobiDBi | Search... |
Entry informationi
Entry namei | PRDX6_HUMAN | |
Accessioni | P30041Primary (citable) accession number: P30041 Secondary accession number(s): A8JZY7 Q5ZEZ8 | |
Entry historyi | Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: | April 1, 1993 |
Last sequence update: | January 23, 2007 | |
Last modified: | February 10, 2021 | |
This is version 217 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. See complete history. | ||
Entry statusi | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | |
Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | |
Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. |
Miscellaneousi
Keywords - Technical termi
3D-structure, Direct protein sequencing, Reference proteomeDocuments
- Human chromosome 1
Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM - MIM cross-references
Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot - PDB cross-references
Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references - SIMILARITY comments
Index of protein domains and families