Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-2 subunit

<p>This section provides any useful information about the protein, mostly biological knowledge.<p><a href='/help/function_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Functionⁱ

Sites

Regions

<p>The <a href="http://www.geneontology.org/">Gene Ontology (GO)</a> project provides a set of hierarchical controlled vocabulary split into 3 categories:<p><a href='/help/gene_ontology' target='_top'>More...</a></p>GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding Source: GO_Central <p>Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor</p> <p>A type of phylogenetic evidence whereby an aspect of a descendent is inferred through the characterization of an aspect of a ancestral gene.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#iba">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from biological aspect of ancestorⁱ
  • "Phylogenetic-based propagation of functional annotations within the Gene Ontology consortium."
    Gaudet P., Livstone M.S., Lewis S.E., Thomas P.D.
    Brief Bioinform 12:449-462(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• G protein-coupled receptor binding Source: dictyBase <p>Inferred from Direct Assay</p> <p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the function, process or component indicated by the GO term.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ida">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins in living cells."
    Janetopoulos C., Jin T., Devreotes P.
    Science 291:2408-2411(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• GTPase activity Source: dictyBase <p>Inferred from Mutant Phenotype</p> <p>Describes annotations that are concluded from looking at variations or changes in a gene product such as mutations or abnormal levels and includes techniques such as knockouts, overexpression, anti-sense experiments and use of specific protein inhibitors.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#imp">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Phospholipase C in Dictyostelium discoideum. Identification of stimulatory and inhibitory surface receptors and G-proteins."
    Bominaar A.A., Van Haastert P.J.
    Biochem J 297:189-193(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• GTP binding Source: dictyBase <p>Inferred by Curator</p> <p>Used for cases where an annotation is not supported by any evidence but can be reasonably inferred by a curator from other GO annotations for which evidence<br />is available.</p> <p>More information in the <a href="http://geneontology.org/page/guide%2Dgo%2Devidence%2Dcodes#ic">GO evidence code guide</a></p> Inferred by curatorⁱ
  • "Phospholipase C in Dictyostelium discoideum. Identification of stimulatory and inhibitory surface receptors and G-proteins."
    Bominaar A.A., Van Haastert P.J.
    Biochem J 297:189-193(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• metal ion binding Source: UniProtKB-KW

GO - Biological processⁱ

• actin filament polymerization Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "G protein beta subunit-null mutants are impaired in phagocytosis and chemotaxis due to inappropriate regulation of the actin cytoskeleton."
    Peracino B., Borleis J., Jin T., Westphal M., Schwartz J.M., Wu L., Bracco E., Gerisch G., Devreotes P., Bozzaro S.
    J Cell Biol 141:1529-1537(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• activation of GTPase activity Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Chemoattractant-mediated Rap1 activation requires GPCR/G proteins."
    Cha I., Lee S.H., Jeon T.J.
    Mol Cells 30:563-567(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Loss-of-function mutations identified in the Helical domain of the G protein alpha-subunit, G alpha2, of Dictyostelium discoideum."
    Gundersen R.E., You J., Rauch S., Farnham K., McCarty C., Willis N., Prince A.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1722:262-270(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: dictyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Quantitative imaging of single live cells reveals spatiotemporal dynamics of multistep signaling events of chemoattractant gradient sensing in Dictyostelium."
    Xu X., Meier-Schellersheim M., Jiao X., Nelson L.E., Jin T.
    Mol Biol Cell 16:676-688(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• aggregation involved in sorocarp development Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Loss-of-function mutations identified in the Helical domain of the G protein alpha-subunit, G alpha2, of Dictyostelium discoideum."
    Gundersen R.E., You J., Rauch S., Farnham K., McCarty C., Willis N., Prince A.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1722:262-270(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• chemotaxis Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Loss-of-function mutations identified in the Helical domain of the G protein alpha-subunit, G alpha2, of Dictyostelium discoideum."
    Gundersen R.E., You J., Rauch S., Farnham K., McCarty C., Willis N., Prince A.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1722:262-270(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• phagocytosis Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "G protein beta subunit-null mutants are impaired in phagocytosis and chemotaxis due to inappropriate regulation of the actin cytoskeleton."
    Peracino B., Borleis J., Jin T., Westphal M., Schwartz J.M., Wu L., Bracco E., Gerisch G., Devreotes P., Bozzaro S.
    J Cell Biol 141:1529-1537(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Loss-of-function mutations identified in the Helical domain of the G protein alpha-subunit, G alpha2, of Dictyostelium discoideum."
    Gundersen R.E., You J., Rauch S., Farnham K., McCarty C., Willis N., Prince A.
    Biochim Biophys Acta 1722:262-270(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• positive regulation of guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Source: dictyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • Ref.7

    "A Galpha-Stimulated RapGEF Is a Receptor-Proximal Regulator of Dictyostelium Chemotaxis."
    Liu Y., Lacal J., Veltman D.M., Fusetti F., van Haastert P.J., Firtel R.A., Kortholt A.
    Dev. Cell 37:458-472(2016) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

    Cited for: INTERACTION WITH GFLB, FUNCTION.
• positive regulation of phospholipase C activity Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Phospholipase C in Dictyostelium discoideum. Identification of stimulatory and inhibitory surface receptors and G-proteins."
    Bominaar A.A., Van Haastert P.J.
    Biochem J 297:189-193(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
• regulation of Ras protein signal transduction Source: dictyBaseInferred from mutant phenotypeⁱ
  • "Chemoattractant-induced Ras activation during Dictyostelium aggregation."
    Kae H., Lim C.J., Spiegelman G.B., Weeks G.
    EMBO Rep 5:602-606(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

<p>UniProtKB Keywords constitute a <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/keywords">controlled vocabulary</a> with a hierarchical structure. Keywords summarise the content of a UniProtKB entry and facilitate the search for proteins of interest.<p><a href='/help/keywords' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Keywordsⁱ

Enzyme and pathway databases

<p>This section provides information about the protein and gene name(s) and synonym(s) and about the organism that is the source of the protein sequence.<p><a href='/help/names_and_taxonomy_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Names & Taxonomyⁱ

Organism-specific databases

<p>This section provides information on the location and the topology of the mature protein in the cell.<p><a href='/help/subcellular_location_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subcellular locationⁱ

• UniProt annotation
• GO - Cellular component

<p>This section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs) and/or processing events.<p><a href='/help/ptm_processing_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>PTM / Processingⁱ

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/ptm%5Fprocessing%5Fsection">PTM/processing</a> section describes post-translational modifications (PTMs). This subsection <strong>complements</strong> the information provided at the sequence level or describes modifications for which <strong>position-specific data is not yet available</strong>.<p><a href='/help/post-translational_modification' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Post-translational modificationⁱ

Keywords - PTMⁱ

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

<p>This section provides information on the expression of a gene at the mRNA or protein level in cells or in tissues of multicellular organisms.<p><a href='/help/expression_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Expressionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the 'Expression' section reports the experimentally proven effects of inducers and repressors (usually chemical compounds or environmental factors) on the level of protein (or mRNA) expression (up-regulation, down-regulation, constitutive expression).<p><a href='/help/induction' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Inductionⁱ

<p>This section provides information on the quaternary structure of a protein and on interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes.<p><a href='/help/interaction_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Interactionⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/interaction%5Fsection">'Interaction'</a> section provides information about the protein quaternary structure and interaction(s) with other proteins or protein complexes (with the exception of physiological receptor-ligand interactions which are annotated in the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/function%5Fsection">'Function'</a> section).<p><a href='/help/subunit_structure' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Subunit structureⁱ

GO - Molecular functionⁱ

• G protein-coupled receptor binding Source: dictyBaseInferred from direct assayⁱ
  • "Receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric G-proteins in living cells."
    Janetopoulos C., Jin T., Devreotes P.
    Science 291:2408-2411(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]

Protein-protein interaction databases

<p>This section provides information on the tertiary and secondary structure of a protein.<p><a href='/help/structure_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Structureⁱ

3D structure databases

<p>This section provides information on sequence similarities with other proteins and the domain(s) present in a protein.<p><a href='/help/family_and_domains_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Family & Domainsⁱ

Domains and Repeats

Region

<p>This subsection of the 'Family and domains' section provides information about the sequence similarity with other proteins.<p><a href='/help/sequence_similarities' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence similaritiesⁱ

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section displays by default the canonical protein sequence and upon request all isoforms described in the entry. It also includes information pertinent to the sequence(s), including <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequence%5Flength">length</a> and <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences">molecular weight</a>. The information is filed in different subsections. The current subsections and their content are listed below:<p><a href='/help/sequences_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequenceⁱ

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is complete or not.<p><a href='/help/sequence_status' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence statusⁱ: Complete.

<p>This subsection of the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/sequences%5Fsection">Sequence</a> section indicates if the <a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/canonical%5Fand%5Fisoforms">canonical sequence</a> displayed by default in the entry is in its mature form or if it represents the precursor.<p><a href='/help/sequence_processing' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Sequence processingⁱ: The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.

        10         20         30         40         50
MGICASSMEG EKTNTDINLS IEKERKKKHN EVKLLLLGAG ESGKSTISKQ 
        60         70         80         90        100
MKIIHQSGYS NEERKEFKPI ITRNILDNMR VLLDGMGRLG MTIDPSNSDA 
       110        120        130        140        150
AVMIKELTSL QASIVTDCWG ELNEDQGKKI KALWTDPGVK QAMRRANEFS 
       160        170        180        190        200
TLPDSAPYFF DSIDRMTSPV YIPTDQDILH TRVMTRGVHE TNFEIGKIKF 
       210        220        230        240        250
RLVDVGGQRS ERKKWLSCFD DVTAVVFCVA LSEYDLLLYE DNSTNRMLES 
       260        270        280        290        300
LRVFSDVCNS WFVNTPIILF LNKSDLFREK IKHVDLSETF PEYKGGRDYE 
       310        320        330        340        350
RASNYIKERF WQINKTEQKA IYSHITCATD TNNIRVVFEA VKDIIFTQCV 

MKAGLYS                                                

Sequence databases

Genome annotation databases

<p>This section provides links to proteins that are similar to the protein sequence(s) described in this entry at different levels of sequence identity thresholds (100%, 90% and 50%) based on their membership in UniProt Reference Clusters (<a href="http://www.uniprot.org/help/uniref">UniRef</a>).<p><a href='/help/similar_proteins_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Similar proteinsⁱ

• 90% Identity
• 50% Identity

<p>This section is used to point to information related to entries and found in data collections other than UniProtKB.<p><a href='/help/cross_references_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Cross-referencesⁱ

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Proteomic databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Miscellaneous databases

Family and domain databases

<p>This section provides general information on the entry.<p><a href='/help/entry_information_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Entry informationⁱ

<p>This section contains any relevant information that doesn't fit in any other defined sections<p><a href='/help/miscellaneous_section' target='_top'>More...</a></p>Miscellaneousⁱ

Keywords - Technical termⁱ

Documents

1. Dictyostelium discoideum
   Dictyostelium discoideum: entries, gene names and cross-references to dictyBase
2. SIMILARITY comments
   Index of protein domains and families