Keywords - Viral immunoevasion (KW-0899)
- DefinitionViral protein involved in evading host innate and adaptive immune responses, allowing optimized viral replication, propagation, or persistence in the host. The protein allows viruses to avoid/escape immune detection or neutralize/inactivate the host immune defenses to ensure virus survival within its host. The innate immune system is a non-specific defense system found in all cellular organisms. In metazoans and plants, it includes the intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In plants and invertebrates, it includes the RNA interference (RNAi) system. Plants also have effector-triggered immunity (ETI). In metazoans, it includes the cell-dependent mechanisms (e.g. phagocytes) or secreted factors. Bacteria and archaea have an innate immune system relying on various systems (e.g. the restriction-modification system, Pycsar). The adaptive (or acquired) immune system is a specific defense. In vertebrates, it is mediated by T and B lymphocytes expressing specific receptors. Bacteria and archaea have adaptive immunity, the CRISPR-Cas system.
- Synonyms
- Category
- Gene Ontology (GO)
- Descendants
- Ancestors
- GraphicalViral immunoevasionInhibition of host adaptive immune response by virusInhibition of host innate immune response by virusEvasion of host immunity by viral interleukin-like proteinInhibition of host chemokines by virusInhibition of host complement factors by virusModulation of host dendritic cell activity by virusModulation of host immunity by viral IgG Fc receptor-like proteinModulation of host NK-cell activity by virus
Related UniProtKB entries
Browse all 350,743 entries- Genome polyprotein · Human hepatitis A virus genotype IA (isolate H2) (HHAV) (Human hepatitis A virus (isolate Human/China/H2/1982)) · 2227 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host MAVS by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Ion transport #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral RNA replication #Virus entry into host cell
- Genome polyprotein · Banzi virus (BANV) · 3393 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Methyltransferase #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Serine protease #Transferase #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus #Inhibition of host STAT2 by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #mRNA capping #mRNA processing #Suppressor of RNA silencing #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus entry into host cell
- Genome polyprotein · Edge Hill virus (EHV) · 3401 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Methyltransferase #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Serine protease #Transferase #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus #Inhibition of host STAT2 by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #mRNA capping #mRNA processing #Suppressor of RNA silencing #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus entry into host cell
- Protein ORF45 · Gene: ORF45 · Human herpesvirus 8 type P (isolate GK18) (HHV-8) (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) · 407 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Envelope glycoprotein · Gene: GP · Zaire ebolavirus (strain Gabon-94) (ZEBOV) (Zaire Ebola virus) · 676 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host tetherin by virus #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral attachment to host entry receptor #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell
- Envelope glycoprotein gp160 · Gene: env · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype C (isolate 92BR025) (HIV-1) · 856 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #AIDS
- Genome polyprotein · Hepatitis C virus genotype 6a (isolate EUHK2) (HCV) · 3018 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Multifunctional enzyme #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #Ribonucleoprotein #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Serine protease #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Viral nucleoprotein #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #G1/S host cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Inhibition of host MAVS by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus #Inhibition of host TRAFs by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Ion transport #Modulation of host cell cycle by virus #Transcription #Transcription regulation #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #Oncogene
- Genome polyprotein · Hepatitis C virus genotype 4a (isolate ED43) (HCV) · 3008 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Multifunctional enzyme #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #Ribonucleoprotein #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Serine protease #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Viral nucleoprotein #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #G1/S host cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Inhibition of host MAVS by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus #Inhibition of host TRAFs by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Ion transport #Modulation of host cell cycle by virus #Transcription #Transcription regulation #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #Oncogene
- Genome polyprotein · Porcine enterovirus 9 (strain UKG/410/73) · 2168 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Activation of host autophagy by virus #DNA replication #Eukaryotic host gene expression shutoff by virus #Eukaryotic host translation shutoff by virus #Host gene expression shutoff by virus #Host mRNA suppression by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host mRNA nuclear export by virus #Inhibition of host RIG-I by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Ion transport #Pore-mediated penetration of viral genome into host cell #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell
- Envelope glycoprotein gp160 · Gene: env · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype H (isolate 90CF056) (HIV-1) · 845 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #AIDS
- Protein Nef · Gene: nef · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype H (isolate 90CF056) (HIV-1) · 206 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Protein Nef · Gene: nef · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype F1 (isolate 93BR020) (HIV-1) · 208 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Protein Tat · Gene: tat · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype G (isolate SE6165) (HIV-1) · 101 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Activator #RNA-binding #Apoptosis #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Modulation of host chromatin by virus #Modulation of host PP1 activity by virus #Transcription #Transcription regulation #Viral immunoevasion #AIDS
- Protein Nef · Gene: nef · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype G (isolate SE6165) (HIV-1) · 207 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Protein Nef · Gene: nef · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group N (isolate YBF30) (HIV-1) · 212 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Genome polyprotein · Echovirus 1 (strain Human/Egypt/Farouk/1951) (E-1) · 2184 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Caveolin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #DNA replication #Eukaryotic host gene expression shutoff by virus #Eukaryotic host translation shutoff by virus #Host gene expression shutoff by virus #Host mRNA suppression by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host mRNA nuclear export by virus #Inhibition of host RIG-I by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Ion transport #Pore-mediated penetration of viral genome into host cell #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell
- Genome polyprotein · Hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (strain HC-J4) (HCV) · 3010 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Multifunctional enzyme #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #Ribonucleoprotein #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Serine protease #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Viral nucleoprotein #Activation of host autophagy by virus #Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #G1/S host cell cycle checkpoint dysregulation by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Inhibition of host MAVS by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Inhibition of host STAT1 by virus #Inhibition of host TRAFs by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Ion transport #Modulation of host cell cycle by virus #Transcription #Transcription regulation #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #Oncogene
- External core antigen · Gene: C · Ground squirrel hepatitis virus (strain 27) (GSHV) · 217 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Genome polyprotein · Coxsackievirus B3 (strain Nancy) · 2185 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Helicase #Hydrolase #Ion channel #Nucleotidyltransferase #Protease #RNA-binding #RNA-directed RNA polymerase #Thiol protease #Transferase #Viral ion channel #Activation of host autophagy by virus #DNA replication #Eukaryotic host gene expression shutoff by virus #Eukaryotic host translation shutoff by virus #Host gene expression shutoff by virus #Host mRNA suppression by virus #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host MAVS by virus #Inhibition of host MDA5 by virus #Inhibition of host mRNA nuclear export by virus #Inhibition of host RIG-I by virus #Inhibition of host RLR pathway by virus #Ion transport #Pore-mediated penetration of viral genome into host cell #Transport #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Viral RNA replication #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell
- Replicase large subunit · Tobacco mosaic virus (strain vulgare) (TMV) (Tobacco mosaic virus (strain U1)) · EC:2.1.1.-, EC:2.7.7.-, EC:2.7.7.48, EC:3.6.4.13 · 1616 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Protein Tat · Gene: tat · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B (isolate PCV12) (HIV-1) · 86 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5#Activator #RNA-binding #Apoptosis #Host-virus interaction #Inhibition of host innate immune response by virus #Inhibition of host interferon signaling pathway by virus #Interferon antiviral system evasion #Modulation of host chromatin by virus #Modulation of host PP1 activity by virus #Transcription #Transcription regulation #Viral immunoevasion #AIDS
- DNA adenine methylase · Gene: DAM · Enterobacteria phage T4 (Bacteriophage T4) · EC:2.1.1.72 · 259 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Genome polyprotein · Tobacco etch virus (TEV) · 3054 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Envelope glycoprotein gp160 · Gene: env · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B (isolate RF/HAT3) (HIV-1) · 865 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #AIDS
- Envelope glycoprotein gp160 · Gene: env · Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype D (isolate ELI) (HIV-1) · 853 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5#Apoptosis #Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of virus by host #Fusion of virus membrane with host endosomal membrane #Fusion of virus membrane with host membrane #Host-virus interaction #Viral attachment to host cell #Viral immunoevasion #Viral penetration into host cytoplasm #Virus endocytosis by host #Virus entry into host cell #AIDS