Keywords - Chloride channel (KW-0869)
- DefinitionProtein which is part of an anion channel found in the plasma membrane and in intracellular membranes. These channels are permeable for various anions, such as iodide, bromide, but also for nitrates, phosphates and even negatively charged amino acids. They are called chloride channels, because chloride is the most abundant anion and the predominant permeating species in all organisms. They have been classified according to their gating mechanisms, which may depend on changes in the transmembrane electric field (voltage-dependent/gated chloride channels, e.g. ClC family), on a protein kinase/nucleotide mediated mechanism (CFTR), an increase in intracellular calcium (calcium activated chloride channels, e.g. CaCC), cell swelling (volume-regulated anion channels, e.g. VRAC) or binding of a ligand, e.g. glycine or - aminobutyric acid (GABA) activated channels. In contrast with cation channels, they are not involved in the initiation or spread of excitation, but in the regulation of excitability in nerve and muscle. They also participate in many housekeeping processes, such as volume regulation, pH regulation in organelles, electrogenesis and control of synaptic activity. The chloride channels are crucial for transepithelial transport and the control of water flow, and often provide unexpected permeation pathways for a large variety of anions.
- Synonyms
- Category
- Gene Ontology (GO)
- Ancestors
- Graphical
Related UniProtKB entries
Browse all 54,903 entries- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi · Gene: GABRP · Homo sapiens (Human) · 440 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride intracellular channel protein 2 · Gene: CLIC2 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 247 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 · Gene: GABRA1 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 456 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2 · Gene: GLRA2 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 452 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 · Gene: GABRB2 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 512 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Anoctamin-1 · Gene: ANO1 (DOG1, ORAOV2, TAOS2, TMEM16A) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 986 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Bestrophin-3 · Gene: BEST3 (VMD2L3) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 668 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta · Gene: GABRQ · Homo sapiens (Human) · 632 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 · Gene: GABRR3 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 467 amino acids · Inferred from homology · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta · Gene: GABRD · Homo sapiens (Human) · 452 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 · Gene: GABRR2 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 465 amino acids · Evidence at transcript level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride channel protein ClC-Kb · Gene: CLCNKB · Homo sapiens (Human) · 687 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 · Gene: GABRG1 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 465 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 · Gene: SLC17A8 (VGLUT3) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 589 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride channel CLIC-like protein 1 · Gene: CLCC1 (KIAA0761, MCLC) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 551 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 · Gene: CLIC1 (G6, NCC27) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 241 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Bestrophin-1 · Gene: BEST1 (VMD2) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 585 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride intracellular channel protein 3 · Gene: CLIC3 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 236 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 · Gene: GABRB1 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 474 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 · Gene: GABRR1 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 479 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Chloride channel protein 2 · Gene: CLCN2 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 898 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Claudin-17 · Gene: CLDN17 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 224 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon · Gene: GABRE · Homo sapiens (Human) · 506 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 8 · Gene: MFSD8 (CLN7) · Homo sapiens (Human) · 518 amino acids · Evidence at protein level · Annotation score: 5/5
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 · Gene: GABRG3 · Homo sapiens (Human) · 467 amino acids · Evidence at transcript level · Annotation score: 5/5