S6D3A7 · NDB4N_TITSE
- ProteinAntimicrobial peptide TsAP-2
- StatusUniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
- Amino acids
- Protein existenceEvidence at protein level
- Annotation score4/5
Function
function
Antimicrobial peptide (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704, PubMed:27917162).
Has a high antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus (MIC=5-17.30 uM), the methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) (MIC=17.30 uM), and E.faecalis (MIC=69.23 uM) (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704).
Has antifungal activity against Candida spp. and one Cryptococcus neoformans strains with MICs values ranging from 6.25 to 100 uM (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704, PubMed:27917162).
Shows also an inhibitory activity on C.albicans biofilms at high concentrations (PubMed:27917162).
Has a moderate hemolytic potency (18% at 20 uM) (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704).
Also inhibits the growth of the five human cancer cell lines tested (the squamous carcinoma cell line H157 (IC50=4.1 uM), the lung adenocarcinoma cell line H838 (11.0 uM), the breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 (6.4 uM), the androgen-independent prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC3 (13.3 uM) and the glioblastoma cell line U251-MG (15.4 uM)) (PubMed:23770440).
In the model of polymicrobial sepsis, it exhibits an antibiotic effect, reducing the levels of microorganisms in the infectious focus and the inflammatory responses in the lung and cecum of septic animals (PubMed:27567704).
Has a high antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus (MIC=5-17.30 uM), the methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) (MIC=17.30 uM), and E.faecalis (MIC=69.23 uM) (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704).
Has antifungal activity against Candida spp. and one Cryptococcus neoformans strains with MICs values ranging from 6.25 to 100 uM (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704, PubMed:27917162).
Shows also an inhibitory activity on C.albicans biofilms at high concentrations (PubMed:27917162).
Has a moderate hemolytic potency (18% at 20 uM) (PubMed:23770440, PubMed:27567704).
Also inhibits the growth of the five human cancer cell lines tested (the squamous carcinoma cell line H157 (IC50=4.1 uM), the lung adenocarcinoma cell line H838 (11.0 uM), the breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 (6.4 uM), the androgen-independent prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC3 (13.3 uM) and the glioblastoma cell line U251-MG (15.4 uM)) (PubMed:23770440).
In the model of polymicrobial sepsis, it exhibits an antibiotic effect, reducing the levels of microorganisms in the infectious focus and the inflammatory responses in the lung and cecum of septic animals (PubMed:27567704).
Miscellaneous
The primary structure of the mature peptide is identical to that of NDBP4.23-like from Tityus costatus (AC Q5G8B5).
Negative results: does not inhibit the Gram-negative bacterium E.coli (PubMed:23770440).
Does not show antifungal activity against Candida glabrata (ATCC90030) (MIC>400 uM) (PubMed:27917162).
Does not show antifungal activity against Candida glabrata (ATCC90030) (MIC>400 uM) (PubMed:27917162).
pH Dependence
Stable to pH variation.
GO annotations
Aspect | Term | |
---|---|---|
Cellular Component | extracellular region | |
Biological Process | defense response to bacterium | |
Biological Process | defense response to fungus | |
Biological Process | killing of cells of another organism |
Keywords
- Molecular function
- Biological process
Names & Taxonomy
Protein names
- Recommended nameAntimicrobial peptide TsAP-2
- Alternative names
Organism names
- Taxonomic lineageEukaryota > Metazoa > Ecdysozoa > Arthropoda > Chelicerata > Arachnida > Scorpiones > Buthida > Buthoidea > Buthidae > Tityus
Accessions
- Primary accessionS6D3A7
Subcellular Location
Phenotypes & Variants
Features
Showing features for mutagenesis.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mutagenesis | 29 | Important increase of antimicrobial and hemolytic activities; when associated wiTH 32-K-K-33 and K-36. | ||||
Sequence: G → K | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 32-33 | Important increase of antimicrobial and hemolytic activities; when associated with K-29 and K-36. | ||||
Sequence: GG → KK | ||||||
Mutagenesis | 36 | Important increase of antimicrobial and hemolytic activities; when associated with K-29 and 32-K-K-33. | ||||
Sequence: S → K |
PTM/Processing
Features
Showing features for signal, peptide, modified residue, propeptide.
Type | ID | Position(s) | Description | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal | 1-22 | |||||
Sequence: MQIKHLITIFFLVLIVADHCHA | ||||||
Peptide | PRO_5001155573 | 23-39 | Antimicrobial peptide TsAP-2 | |||
Sequence: FLGMIPGLIGGLISAFK | ||||||
Modified residue | 39 | Lysine amide | ||||
Sequence: K | ||||||
Propeptide | PRO_5001155574 | 45-73 | ||||
Sequence: EITSQIEQYRNLQKREAELENLLANLPVY |
Keywords
- PTM
Expression
Tissue specificity
Expressed by the venom gland.
Structure
Family & Domains
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the non-disulfide-bridged peptide (NDBP) superfamily. Short antimicrobial peptide (group 4) family.
Keywords
- Domain
Family and domain databases
Sequence
- Sequence statusComplete
- Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
- Length73
- Mass (Da)8,391
- Last updated2013-10-16 v1
- Checksum8E0E39B93B61F561