Q76EI6 · FFAR2_RAT

  • Protein
    Free fatty acid receptor 2
  • Gene
    Ffar2
  • Status
    UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein existence
    Evidence at protein level
  • Annotation score
    5/5

Function

function

G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by a major product of dietary fiber digestion, the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and that plays a role in the regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis and in intestinal immunity. In omnivorous mammals, the short chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate are produced primarily by the gut microbiome that metabolizes dietary fibers. SCFAs serve as a source of energy but also act as signaling molecules. That G protein-coupled receptor is probably coupled to the pertussis toxin-sensitive, G(i/o)-alpha family of G proteins but also to the Gq family (PubMed:23589301).
Its activation results in the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, the mobilization of intracellular calcium, the phosphorylation of the MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 kinases and the inhibition of intracellular cAMP accumulation. May play a role in glucose homeostasis by regulating the secretion of GLP-1, in response to short-chain fatty acids accumulating in the intestine. May also regulate the production of LEP/Leptin, a hormone acting on the central nervous system to inhibit food intake. Finally, may also regulate whole-body energy homeostasis through adipogenesis regulating both differentiation and lipid storage of adipocytes. In parallel to its role in energy homeostasis, may also mediate the activation of the inflammatory and immune responses by SCFA in the intestine, regulating the rapid production of chemokines and cytokines. May also play a role in the resolution of the inflammatory response and control chemotaxis in neutrophils. In addition to SCFAs, may also be activated by the extracellular lectin FCN1 in a process leading to activation of monocytes and inducing the secretion of interleukin-8/IL-8 in response to the presence of microbes

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentcell projection
Cellular Componentplasma membrane
Molecular FunctionG protein-coupled receptor activity
Molecular Functionlipid binding
Biological Processcell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processcellular response to fatty acid
Biological Processfat cell differentiation
Biological ProcessG protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processglucose homeostasis
Biological Processleukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response
Biological Processligand-gated ion channel signaling pathway
Biological Processlipid storage
Biological Processmucosal immune response
Biological Processnegative regulation of insulin secretion
Biological Processphospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Biological Processpositive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus
Biological Processpositive regulation of chemokine production
Biological Processpositive regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
Biological Processpositive regulation of insulin secretion
Biological Processpositive regulation of interleukin-8 production
Biological Processregulation of acute inflammatory response
Biological Processregulation of peptide hormone secretion

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Free fatty acid receptor 2
  • Alternative names
    • G-protein coupled receptor 43

Gene names

    • Name
      Ffar2
    • Synonyms
      Gpr43

Organism names

  • Taxonomic identifier
  • Taxonomic lineage
    Eukaryota > Metazoa > Chordata > Craniata > Vertebrata > Euteleostomi > Mammalia > Eutheria > Euarchontoglires > Glires > Rodentia > Myomorpha > Muroidea > Muridae > Murinae > Rattus

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    Q76EI6

Proteomes

Organism-specific databases

Subcellular Location

Features

Showing features for topological domain, transmembrane.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Topological domain1-8Extracellular
Transmembrane9-29Helical; Name=1
Topological domain30-43Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane44-64Helical; Name=2
Topological domain65-79Extracellular
Transmembrane80-100Helical; Name=3
Topological domain101-126Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane127-147Helical; Name=4
Topological domain148-184Extracellular
Transmembrane185-205Helical; Name=5
Topological domain206-219Cytoplasmic
Transmembrane220-240Helical; Name=6
Topological domain241-255Extracellular
Transmembrane256-276Helical; Name=7
Topological domain277-330Cytoplasmic

Keywords

Phenotypes & Variants

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, glycosylation.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00002281451-330Free fatty acid receptor 2
Glycosylation151N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine
Glycosylation167N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine

Keywords

Proteomic databases

PTM databases

Expression

Tissue specificity

Detected in whole wall and separated mucosa in the distal ileum and colon. Expressed by enteroendocrine cells expressing peptide YY (PYY) (at protein level).

Gene expression databases

Interaction

Subunit

Interacts with FCN1 (via Fibrinogen C-terminal domain).

Protein-protein interaction databases

Chemistry

Structure

Family & Domains

Features

Showing features for region, compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Region300-330Disordered
Compositional bias312-330Polar residues

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Protein family/group databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Length
    330
  • Mass (Da)
    36,994
  • Last updated
    2004-07-05 v1
  • Checksum
    CF32C5B5D226670B
MTPDWHSSLILTAYILIFLTGLPANLLALRAFVSRVRQPQPAPVHILLLNLTLADLLLLLLLPFRIVEAASNFRWYLPKIVCALTGFGFYSSIYCSTWLLAGISIERYLGVAFPVQYKLSRRPLYGVIAALVAWIMSFGHCTIVIIVQYLNSTEQVGTENQITCYENFTQAQLDVVLPVRLELCLVLFFVPMTVTIFCYWRFVWIMLTQPHVGAQRRRRAVGLAVVTLLNFLVCFGPYNMSHLVGFHLRQSPSWRVEAVVFSSLNASLDPLLFYFSSSVVRRAFGKGLLLLRNPGSSMLGRGAEETVEGTKTDRGGSQTEGAQSSDFVTE

Features

Showing features for compositional bias.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Compositional bias312-330Polar residues

Keywords

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
AB106675
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
BAD02826.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Genome annotation databases

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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