P47965 · IL10_MERUN

Function

function

Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions, limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation. Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their ability to induce T cell activation (By similarity).
In addition, controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).

GO annotations

all annotationsall molecular functionvirus receptor activitydna bindingrna bindingcytoskeletal motor activitycatalytic activitygtpase activitystructural molecule activitytransporter activitycytoskeletal protein bindinglipid bindingcyclase activityantioxidant activityoxidoreductase activitytransferase activityhydrolase activitylyase activityisomerase activityligase activityprotein tag activitycargo receptor activityhistone bindingprotein folding chaperonetranslation regulator activitynutrient reservoir activityreceptor ligand activitymolecular transducer activitymolecular adaptor activitytoxin activitycell adhesion mediator activitymolecular function regulator activityvirus coreceptor activitycatalytic activity, acting on a proteincatalytic activity, acting on dnacatalytic activity, acting on rnamolecular carrier activitytranscription regulator activitygeneral transcription initiation factor activitymolecular sensor activitymolecular sequestering activityatp-dependent activityother molecular functionall biological processmitotic cell cyclecytokinesiscytoplasmic translationimmune system processmuscle system processcirculatory system processrenal system processrespiratory system processcarbohydrate metabolic processgeneration of precursor metabolites and energydna replicationdna repairdna recombinationchromatin organizationdna-templated transcriptionregulation of dna-templated transcriptiontrna metabolic processprotein foldingprotein glycosylationamino acid metabolic processmodified amino acid metabolic processlipid metabolic processvitamin metabolic processsulfur compound metabolic processintracellular protein transportnucleocytoplasmic transportautophagyinflammatory responsemitochondrion organizationcytoskeleton organizationmicrotubule-based movementperoxisome organizationlysosome organizationchromosome segregationcell adhesionestablishment or maintenance of cell polarityprogrammed cell deathphotosynthesismrna metabolic processsnrna metabolic processvesicle-mediated transportreproductive processdigestive system processsignalingcell differentiationprotein catabolic processextracellular matrix organizationregulatory ncrna-mediated gene silencingtelomere organizationcell junction organizationwound healingribosome biogenesiscilium organizationanatomical structure developmentcell motilitynervous system processendocrine processprotein maturationtransmembrane transportnucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic processhepaticobiliary system processmembrane organizationprotein-containing complex assemblycell wall organization or biogenesisnitrogen cycle metabolic processprotein localization to plasma membranedefense response to other organismdetoxificationmeiotic nuclear divisionmitotic nuclear divisionmitochondrial gene expressioncarbohydrate derivative metabolic processother biological processall cellular componentnuclear chromosomeextracellular regionextracellular spacecell wallnucleusnuclear envelopenucleoplasmchromosomenucleolusmitochondrionlysosomeendosomevacuoleperoxisomeendoplasmic reticulumgolgi apparatuslipid dropletmicrotubule organizing centercytosolribosomecytoskeletonplasma membraneciliumplastidthylakoidexternal encapsulating structureextracellular matrixcytoplasmic vesicleorganelleother cellular component
Cell color indicative of number of GO terms
AspectTerm
Cellular Componentextracellular space
Molecular Functioncytokine activity
Biological Processimmune response
Biological Processnegative regulation of B cell proliferation
Biological Processnegative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response
Biological Processnegative regulation of inflammatory response
Biological Processnegative regulation of interleukin-6 production
Biological Processnegative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis
Biological Processpositive regulation of B cell apoptotic process
Biological Processpositive regulation of cytokine production
Biological Processpositive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Biological Processpositive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
Biological Processresponse to glucocorticoid
Biological Processresponse to molecule of bacterial origin

Keywords

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Interleukin-10
  • Short names
    IL-10
  • Alternative names
    • Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF)

Gene names

    • Name
      IL10

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    P47965

Subcellular Location

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for signal, chain, disulfide bond, glycosylation.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Signal1-18
ChainPRO_000001536619-178Interleukin-10
Disulfide bond30↔126
Disulfide bond80↔132
Glycosylation134N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine

Keywords

PTM databases

Interaction

Subunit

Homodimer. Interacts with IL10RA and IL10RB.

Structure

Family & Domains

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the IL-10 family.

Keywords

Phylogenomic databases

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Complete
  • Sequence processing
    The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
  • Length
    178
  • Mass (Da)
    20,663
  • Last updated
    1996-02-01 v1
  • Checksum
    13170BB0E75C5FC4
MPSSALLYCLILLAGVRPSRGEYPRNESNCTHFPVSQTHMLRELRAAFSQVKTFFQKKDQLDNILLTDSLQQDFKGYLGCQALSEMIQFYLVEVMPQAENHGPEIKENLNSLGEKLKTLRMQLRRCHRFLPCENKSKAVEQVKNDFNKLQEKGVYKAMNEFDIFINCIEAYMTIKMKS

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
L37781
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
AAA65677.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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