C0JB89 · B2L1_SICCD

Function

function

Dermonecrotic toxins cleave the phosphodiester linkage between the phosphate and headgroup of certain phospholipids (sphingolipid and lysolipid substrates), forming an alcohol (often choline) and a cyclic phosphate (By similarity).
This toxin acts on sphingomyelin (SM) (By similarity).
It may also act on ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), but not on lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), and lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) (By similarity).
It acts by transphosphatidylation, releasing exclusively cyclic phosphate products as second products (By similarity).
Induces dermonecrosis, hemolysis, increased vascular permeability, edema, inflammatory response, and platelet aggregation (By similarity).

Caution

The most common activity assay for dermonecrotic toxins detects enzymatic activity by monitoring choline release from substrate. Liberation of choline from sphingomyelin (SM) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is commonly assumed to result from substrate hydrolysis, giving either ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) or lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), respectively, as a second product. However, two studies from Lajoie and colleagues (2013 and 2015) report the observation of exclusive formation of cyclic phosphate products as second products, resulting from intramolecular transphosphatidylation. Cyclic phosphates have vastly different biological properties from their monoester counterparts, and they may be relevant to the pathology of brown spider envenomation.

Catalytic activity

Cofactor

Mg2+ (UniProtKB | Rhea| CHEBI:18420 )

Note: Binds 1 Mg2+ ion per subunit.

Features

Showing features for active site, binding site.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Active site5
Binding site25Mg2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Binding site27Mg2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)
Active site41Nucleophile
Binding site85Mg2+ (UniProtKB | ChEBI)

GO annotations

AspectTerm
Cellular Componentextracellular region
Molecular Functionlyase activity
Molecular Functionmetal ion binding
Molecular Functionphosphoric diester hydrolase activity
Molecular Functiontoxin activity
Biological Processkilling of cells of another organism
Biological Processlipid catabolic process

Keywords

Enzyme and pathway databases

Names & Taxonomy

Protein names

  • Recommended name
    Dermonecrotic toxin SdSicTox-betaIIB2i
  • EC number
  • Alternative names
    • Phospholipase D (PLD)
    • Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase D (SMD; SMase D; Sphingomyelinase D)

Organism names

Accessions

  • Primary accession
    C0JB89

Subcellular Location

Keywords

PTM/Processing

Features

Showing features for chain, disulfide bond.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
ChainPRO_00003929011-274Dermonecrotic toxin SdSicTox-betaIIB2i
Disulfide bond45↔51
Disulfide bond47↔190

Keywords

Expression

Tissue specificity

Expressed by the venom gland.

Structure

Family & Domains

Sequence similarities

Family and domain databases

Sequence

  • Sequence status
    Fragment
  • Length
    274
  • Mass (Da)
    31,562
  • Last updated
    2009-05-05 v1
  • Checksum
    315A623694A03B49
WIMGHMVNGLEQVSEFLNLGANAIEFDIDFDQNGVAKITHHGIPCDCGRLCTKQTVFTEYLDNIRHVTTPGDPKFREQLILLALDLKLQRIPVEKAYAAGVDVATKLLDHYWQRGKSKARAYILLNLPLVQDYEFIRAFKDTLKNEGYEQYNDKVGVNFTGNEDLDEIRKVLKKVGVDKHVWQADGITSCFARGTDRLTEALKRRDTPGYNYAYKVYAWTLVKYSTMRRSLRLGVDGVMSNFPDRVVEVLKEEEFADKFRMATYDDNPWKKFTG

Features

Showing features for non-terminal residue.

TypeIDPosition(s)Description
Non-terminal residue1

Sequence databases

Nucleotide SequenceProtein SequenceMolecule TypeStatus
FJ171524
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
ACN49020.1
EMBL· GenBank· DDBJ
mRNA

Similar Proteins

Disclaimer

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